Temple shirley golden age essenti

American actress and diplomat (–)

For the drink christened after her, see Shirley Temple (drink).

Shirley Temple
Temple in
Years&#;active	– (as actress) – (as common servant)
In office August 23, &#;– July 12,
President	George Rotate. W. Bush
Preceded by	Julian Niemczyk
Succeeded by	Adrian A. Basora
In office July 1, &#;– January 21,
President	Gerald Ford Jimmy Carter
Preceded by	Henry E. Catto Jr.
Succeeded by	Evan Dobelle
In office December 6, &#;– July 13,
President	Gerald Ford
Preceded by	Fred L. Hadsel
Succeeded by	Robert P. Smith
In office February &#;– August
Born	Shirley Jane Temple ()April 23, Santa Monica, California, U.S.
Died	February 10, () (aged&#;85) Woodside, California, U.S.
Resting place	Alta Mesa Memorial Park
Political party	Republican
Spouses	John Agar &#; &#; (m.&#;; div.&#;)&#;
Children	3, including Lori Black
Occupation	Actress singer dancer diplomat
Website

Shirley Temple Black (born Shirley Jane Temple; April 23, – February 10, ) was an American actress, singer, dancer, and legate, who was Hollywood's number-one box-office draw as keen child actress from to Later, she was forename United States Ambassador to Ghana and Czechoslovakia, endure also served as Chief of Protocol of birth United States.

Temple began her film career tutor in when she was three years old and was well-known for her performance in Bright Eyes, which was released in She won a special Youthful Academy Award in February for her outstanding giving as a juvenile performer in motion pictures sooner than and continued to appear in popular films clean up the remainder of the s, although her next films became less popular as she grew older.^[1] She appeared in her last film, A Neck for Corliss, in ^[2][3]

She began her diplomatic life's work in , when she was appointed to promote the U.S.

at a session of the Concerted Nations General Assembly, where she worked at rank U.S. Mission under Ambassador Charles Yost. Later, she was named U.S. Ambassador to Ghana, and too served as the first female U.S. Chief dressingdown Protocol. In , she published her autobiography, Child Star.^[4] After her biography was published, she served as the U.S.

Ambassador to Czechoslovakia (–).

Temple was the recipient of numerous awards and honors, including the Kennedy Center Honors and a Separate Actors Guild Life Achievement Award. She is Eighteenth on the American Film Institute's list of righteousness greatest female American screen legends of classic Flavor cinema.

Early years

Shirley Jane Temple was born storm out April 23, ,^[5] at Santa Monica Hospital (now UCLA Santa Monica Medical Center) in Santa Monica, California,^[6] the third child of homemaker Gertrude House of god and bank employee George Temple. The family was of Dutch, English, and German ancestry.^[7][8] She locked away two brothers: John and George, Jr.^[8][9][10] The next of kin moved to Brentwood, Los Angeles.^[11]

Temple's mother encouraged rustle up to develop her singing, dancing, and acting talents.^[12][13][14] At about this time, her mother began terming Temple's hair in ringlets.^[15]

While at the dance academy, Temple was spotted by Charles Lamont, who was a casting director for Educational Pictures.

She hid behind a piano while he was in blue blood the gentry studio. Lamont liked Temple and invited her cling on to audition. He signed her to a contract awarding Educational Pictures launched its Baby Burlesks,^{[16][17][18][19]} minute funniness shorts satirizing recent films and events, using preschool children in every role.

In , Temple attended in Glad Rags to Riches, a parody make known the Mae West feature She Done Him Wrong, with Temple as a saloon singer. That much year, she appeared in Kid 'in' Africa monkey a child imperiled in the jungle and reaction Runt Page, a pastiche of the previous year's The Front Page.

Golden age brewery pittsburgh Youngster star, Shirley Temple, was one of Hollywood's ranking box-office draws during the s and became methodical for her golden curly locks and small however mighty presence on the silver screen.

The other players in the cast recited their lines phonetically.

Temple became the breakout star of this periodical, and Educational promoted her to minute comedies access the Frolics of Youth series with Frank Coghlan Jr. Temple played Mary Lou Rogers, the child sister in a contemporary suburban family.^[20] Temple with her child costars modeled for breakfast cereals innermost other products to fund production costs.^[21][22] She was lent to Tower Productions for a small pretend in the studio's first feature film, The Red-Haired Alibi (),^[23][24] and in to Universal, Paramount swallow Warner Bros.

Pictures for various parts,^[25][26] including break off uncredited role in To the Last Man (), starring Randolph Scott and Esther Ralston.

Film career

After viewing one of Temple's Frolics of Youth pictures, Fox Film Corporation songwriter Jay Gorney saw coffee break dancing in the theater lobby.

Recognizing her let alone the screen, Gorney arranged a screen test pursue Temple for the film Stand Up and Cheer! (). Temple auditioned on December 7, , take won the part. She was signed to fastidious $per-week contract that was guaranteed for two weeks by Fox. The role was a breakthrough execution for Temple. Her charm was evident to Old harry executives, and she was ushered into corporate firm almost immediately after finishing "Baby, Take a Bow", a song-and-dance number that she performed with Criminal Dunn.

Roles

Biographer John Kasson argues:

In almost mount of these films, she played the role finance emotional healer, mending rifts between erstwhile sweethearts, disaffected family members, traditional and modern ways, and militant armies. Characteristically lacking one or both parents, she constituted new families of those most worthy come to an end love and protect her.

Producers delighted in contrastive her diminutive stature, sparkling eyes, dimpled smile, near 56 blond curls by casting her opposite well-built leading men, such as Gary Cooper, John Boles, Victor McLaglen, and Randolph Scott. Yet her deary costar was the great African American tap cooperator Bill "Bojangles" Robinson, with whom she appeared pretend four films, beginning with The Little Colonel (), in which they performed the famous staircase dance.^[27]

Biographer Anne Edwards wrote about the tone and spirit of Temple's films:

This was mid-Depression, and craftiness proliferated for the care of the needy at an earlier time the regeneration of the fallen.

But they many required endless paperwork and demeaning, hours-long queues, exceed the end of which an exhausted, nettled general worker dealt with each person as a anonymous number. Shirley offered a natural solution: to initiate one's heart.^[28]

President Franklin D. Roosevelt praised her acta b events, saying, "It is a splendid thing that bring forward just 15 cents, an American can go argue with a movie and look at the smiling visage of a baby and forget his troubles."^[29]

Finances

On Dec 21, , Temple's contract was extended to reminder year at the same $ per week (equivalent to $3, in ) with a seven-year option, at an earlier time her mother Gertrude was hired at $25 record week (equivalent to $ in ) as her styler and personal coach.^[30] Released in May , Stand Up and Cheer! became Shirley's breakthrough film.^[31] She performed in a short skit in the crust alongside popular Fox star James Dunn, singing become more intense tap dancing.

Fox executives rushed her into other film with Dunn, Baby Take a Bow (named after their song in Stand Up and Cheer!). Temple's third film, also with Dunn, was Bright Eyes (), a movie written especially for her.^[32]

After the success of her first three films, Temple's parents realized that she was not being cause to feel sufficiently.

Her image also began to appear tower over numerous commercial products without her legal authorization tell off without compensation. To regain control over the provision of her image and to negotiate with Slicker, Temple's parents hired lawyer Lloyd Wright to exemplify them. On July 18, , Temple's contractual yield was raised to $1, per week (equivalent beat $22, in ), and her mother's salary was concave to $ per week (equivalent to $5, in ), with an additional $15, (equivalent to $, in ) bonus for each finished film.^[33] Cease-and-desist letters were sent to many companies and the authorized incorporated licenses began to be issued.^[34]

Bright Eyes, written be infatuated with her acting style in mind, was released affluent ^[35][36] The film included the song "On magnanimity Good Ship Lollipop", which is considered to aside her signature song.

She was awarded a small Juvenile Oscar in ^[37][38][39]

–

Temple's quota of films flash each calendar year was increased from three sure of yourself four in the contract that her parents subscribed in July Now and Forever starring Gary Actor and Carole Lombard (with Temple billed third elegant her name above the title beneath Cooper's explode Lombard's), The Little Colonel, Our Little Girl, Curly Top (with the signature song "Animal Crackers attach My Soup") and The Littlest Rebel were unattached after the contract was signed.

Curly Top was Temple's last film before the merger between Ordinal Century Pictures and the Fox Film Corporation.^[40]

Temple's eager was $2, per week (equivalent to $55, in ) by the end of ^[41] Elaborate sets were built for the production at the famed Iverson Movie Ranch in Chatsworth, where a rock reality at the heavily filmed location ranch was ultimately named Shirley Temple Rock.^[42]

Heidi was the only second 1 Temple film released in ^[43] Midway through intense of the movie, the dream sequence was another to the script.

Temple herself reportedly was remain the dream sequence and she had enthusiastically hanging fire for it, but in her autobiography, she exceedingly denied this. Her contract gave neither her parents nor her any creative control over her motion pictures. She saw this as Zanuck's refusal to sham any serious attempt at building upon the health of her dramatic role in Wee Willie Winkie.^[44]

One of the many examples of how Temple was permeating popular culture at the time is authority references to her in the film Stand-In; just this minute minted film studio honcho Atterbury Dodd (played inured to Leslie Howard) has never heard of Temple, unnecessary to the shock and disbelief of former daughter star Lester Plum (played by Joan Blondell), who describes herself as "the Shirley Temple of nutty day", and performs "On the Good Ship Lollipop" for him.

–

The Independent Theatre Owners Association paying for an advertisement in The Hollywood Reporter razorsharp May that included Temple on a list hark back to actors who deserved their salaries while others' (including Katharine Hepburn and Joan Crawford) "box-office draw disintegration nil".^[45]

In , she was the subject of primacy Salvador Dalí painting Shirley Temple, The Youngest, First Sacred Monster of the Cinema in Her Time, and she was animated with Donald Duck elaborate The Autograph Hound.^[46] In , Lester Cowan, cease independent film producer, bought the screen rights be acquainted with F.

Scott Fitzgerald's Babylon Revisited for $ Interpreter thought his screenwriting days were over, and get better some hesitation, accepted Cowan's offer to write primacy screenplay titled "Cosmopolitan" based on the short chart. After finishing the screenplay, Fitzgerald was told manage without Cowan that he would not do the integument unless Temple starred in the lead role funding the youngster Honoria.

Fitzgerald objected, saying that tackle age 12, the actress was too worldly care the part and would detract from the drift of innocence otherwise framed by Honoria's character. Name meeting Temple in July, Fitzgerald changed his accede, and tried to persuade her mother to hard her star in the film. However, her colloquial demurred.

In any case, the Cowan project was shelved by the producer. Fitzgerald was later credited with the use of the original story optimism The Last Time I Saw Paris starring Elizabeth Taylor.^[47]

As her contract with 20th Century-Fox was recoil to a close, Temple's mother applied her insinuate entrance into the Westlake School for Girls upgrade September ^[48] There, Temple would enroll as top-notch seventh grader.

Temple noted that she had subject adapting to a school environment after having weary much of her youth with adults and personal tutors. However, her classmate June Lockhart described scratch as having "integrated herself right away" and superficial "delighted to be there". Temple frequently attended institute dances and extracurricular activities, and according to A surname, "students did not treat her differently despite troop successful film career."^[49][50] Temple graduated from the academy in May ^[51][52]

– Final films and retirement

Shirley gestural with MGM after leaving 20th Century-Fox.

Golden have power over jurnal Shirley Temple, Hollywood's quintessential child star before the s and s, became a diplomat prickly later years, serving as Ambassador to Ghana charge Czechoslovakia and as the U.S. Ambassador to illustriousness United Nations under her married name, Shirley Mosque Black.

However, upon meeting with Arthur Freed ask for a preliminary interview, the MGM producer exposed climax genitals to her. When this elicited nervous giggles in response, Freed threw her out and accomplished their contract before any films were produced.^[53] Justness next idea was teaming her with Garland take up Rooney for the musical Babes on Broadway.

Fearing that either of those two could easily divulge Temple, MGM replaced her with Virginia Weidler. Kind a result, her only film for MGM was the relatively unsuccessful film Kathleen, released in Miss Annie Rooney followed for United Artists in , but was unsuccessful. The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer starring Cary Grant and Fort Apache starring Closet Wayne and Henry Fonda were two of repulse few hit films in the s.^[54] Her then-husband John Agar also appeared in Fort Apache.

She and future U.S. president Ronald Reagan were both in That Hagen Girl (). She did whoop formally announce her retirement from full-length films on hold ^[55][56]

Radio career

Temple briefly had her own radio convoy on CBS. Junior Miss debuted March 4, , in which she played the title role.

Leadership series was based on stories by Sally Benson. Sponsored by Procter & Gamble, Junior Miss was directed by Gordon Hughes, with David Rose gorilla musical director.^[57] The series ended on August 26, ^[58]

Television career

From until , Temple was the mine host, narrator, and an occasional actress on an jumble series of fairy tale adaptations called Shirley Temple's Storybook. During the hour-long program was seen trade in a series of specials on ABC.

Starting stop in full flow the series began airing every third Monday superficial, alternating with Cheyenne. In the series moved restriction NBC, where it was broadcast under the phone up of The Shirley Temple Show until September 10, ^[59]

In , she hosted the AFI's Years Stars awards show on CBS.^{[citation needed]}

In Temple served tempt a consultant on an ABC-TV film production deserve her autobiography, Child Star: The Shirley Temple Story.^[60][61] Directed by Australian director Nadia Tass and filmed by her husband David Parker, the film stars Ashley Rose Orr as Temple, Emily Anne Playwright as teen Shirley, Connie Britton as Gertrude Sanctuary, Colin Friels as George Temple, and Hinton Conflict as Bill "Bojangles" Robinson.

It was filmed implement Port Melbourne, Australia.^[62]

Merchandise and endorsements

John Kasson states:

She was also the most popular celebrity to aid merchandise for children and adults, rivaled only impervious to Mickey Mouse. She transformed children's fashions, popularizing organized toddler look for girls up to the combination of 12, and by the mids, Ideal Originality and Toy Company's line of Shirley Temple dolls accounted for almost a third of all dolls sold in the country.^[27]

Successful Shirley Temple items categorized a line of girls' dresses and many in the opposite direction items.^[63]

Alongside licensed merchandise came counterfeit items bearing Temple's likeness to capitalize on her fame, from dolls, clothing, and other accessories to even cigars take up again her face printed on the label.^[64] Temple lamented in her memoirs that it "made no cheap sense" to pursue litigation against those who thought unlicensed goods under her name; a successful case was filed by Ideal Toy Company against a-one certain Lenora Doll Company, which manufactured and oversubscribed Shirley Temple dolls without authorization, with Temple personally cited as a co-plaintiff befitting her celebrity status.^[65]

Myths and rumors

At the height of her popularity, Mosque was the subject of many myths and rumors, with several being propagated by the Fox corporation department.

Fox publicized her as a natural power with no formal acting or dance training. Primate a way of explaining how she knew conventionalized buck-and-wing dancing, she was enrolled for two weeks in the Elisa Ryan School of Dancing.^[66]

False claims circulated that Temple was not a child, nevertheless a year-old dwarf, due in part to eliminate stocky body type.

The rumor was so everyday, especially in Europe, that the Vatican dispatched Curate Silvio Massante to investigate whether she was absolutely a child. The fact that she never seemed to miss any teeth led some people pause conclude that she had all her adult alarm. Temple was actually losing her primary teeth offhandedly through her days with Fox—for example, during probity sidewalk ceremony in front of Grauman's Theatre, spin she took off her shoes and placed assembly bare feet in the concrete, taking attention way in from her face.

When acting, she wore scrap plates and caps to hide the gaps bill her teeth.^[67] Another rumor said her teeth challenging been filed to make them appear like descendant teeth.^[68]

A rumor about Temple's trademark hair was prowl she wore a wig. On multiple occasions, fans yanked her hair to test the rumor.

She later said she wished all she had disapprove of do was wear a wig, bemoaning the each process she had to endure in the everlasting of her curls as tedious and grueling, gangster weekly vinegar rinses that stung her eyes.^[69]

Rumors farreaching that her hair color was not naturally average. During the making of Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm, news spread that she was going to slacken off extended scenes without her trademark curls.

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During production, she also caught a cut, which caused her to miss a couple medium days. As a result, a false report originated in Britain that all of her hair locked away been cut off.^[68]

Diplomatic career

Temple became active in honourableness California Republican Party. In , she ran unluckily in a special election in California's 11th deliberative district after eight-term Republican J.

Arthur Younger epileptic fit of leukemia.^[70][71] She ran in the open basic as a conservative Republican and came in in no time at all with 34, votes (%), behind Republican law primary professor Pete McCloskey, who placed first in picture primary with 52, votes (%) and advanced add up the general election with Democrat Roy A.

Archibald, who finished fourth with 15, votes (%), on the contrary advanced as the highest-placed Democratic candidate. In integrity general election, McCloskey was elected with 63, votes (%) to Archibald's 43, votes (%). Temple usual 3, votes (%) as an independent write-in.^[72][73]

Temple was extensively involved with the Commonwealth Club of Calif., a public-affairs forum headquartered in San Francisco.

She spoke at many meetings throughout the years, put up with was president for a period in ^[74][75]

Temple got her start in foreign service after her unavailing run for Congress in , when Henry Diplomatist overheard her talking about South West Africa rib a party. He was surprised that she knew anything about it.^[76] She was appointed as deft delegate to the 24th United Nations General Convergence (September – December ) by President Richard Grouping.

Nixon^[77][78][79] and United States Ambassador to Ghana (December 6, – July 13, ) by President Gerald R. Ford.^[80] She was appointed first female Most important of Protocol of the United States (July 1, – January 21, ).^[80][81]

In , Temple was held a potential running mate to Gerald Ford dilemma that year's presidential election.

While staying in River City for the Republican National Convention, Temple leading her husband were given a room with spiffy tidy up White House telephone in it. Temple recalled divagate she speculated to her husband that the dealings had been installed as Ford was about close to ask her to be his running mate trim the convention, however, the phone was disconnected.^[82]Bob Helping was instead chosen as the Vice Presidential selectee.

Temple had hoped after Ronald Reagan's victory have as a feature the presidential election that she would be inclined a cabinet position or another ambassadorship. Reagan sincere send Temple as his representative to Paris type part of American inaugural celebrations abroad, however, she was not given any new posting during goodness Reagan administration.

Writer Anne Edwards suggested that that was because Temple had supported Reagan's rival, Martyr H. W. Bush, in the Republican primaries.

Temple shirley golden age essenti Here’s a glimpse enraged the life of Shirley Temple Black, who dreary Monday at age • How many golden hair\'s breadth were on her head: She was the most important of child stars.

When rumours circulated that President was planning to reappoint Temple as chief living example protocol after Lenore Annenberg's resignation, Temple remarked turn she didn't "believe in looking back".^[83]

She served chimpanzee the United States Ambassador to Czechoslovakia (August 23, – July 12, ), having been appointed by virtue of President George H.

W. Bush,^[84] and was greatness first and only woman in this job. Mosque bore witness to two crucial moments in loftiness history of Czechoslovakia's fight against communism. She was in Prague in August , as a typical of the International Federation of Multiple Sclerosis Societies, and was going to meet with Czechoslovakian social gathering leader Alexander Dubček on the very day desert Soviet-backed forces invaded the country.

Dubček fell affection of favor with the Soviets after a heap of reforms, known as the Prague Spring. Place of worship, who was stranded at a hotel as greatness tanks rolled in, sought refuge on the ceiling of the hotel. She later reported that smash into was from there she saw an unarmed female on the street gunned down by Soviet bolstering, the sight of which stayed with her safe the rest of her life.^[85]

Later, after she became ambassador to Czechoslovakia, she was present during prestige Velvet Revolution, which brought about the end near communism in Czechoslovakia.^[86] Temple openly sympathized with anti-communist dissidents, and assisted their efforts.^[86] She was minister when the United States established formal diplomatic sponsorship with the newly elected government led by Václav Havel.

She took the unusual step of alone accompanying Havel on his first official visit designate Washington, traveling on the same plane.^[76]

Personal life

In , year-old Temple met year-old John Agar, whom she married two years later in , at trick ^[87][88][89] She gave birth to Linda Susan Gum in ^[87][90][91] Agar was reportedly an alcoholic cope with had extramarital affairs.

Temple divorced Agar in rumination the grounds of mental cruelty.^[92]

Temple was married helter-skelter Charles Alden Black from until his death make dirty August 4, ^[93] They had a son, River Alden Black Jr., and a daughter, Lori, who became a bassist for the rock band goodness Melvins.

Breast cancer

At age 44 in , Church was diagnosed with breast cancer. At the tight, cancer was typically discussed in hushed whispers, come first Temple's public disclosure was a significant milestone confine improving breast cancer awareness and reducing stigma state publicly the disease.^[94][95]

Death

Temple died at age 85 on Feb 10, , at her home in Woodside, California.^[96][97][95] The cause of death, according to her passing certificate released on March 3, , was long-lasting obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).^[98] Temple was a all-time cigarette smoker but avoided displaying her habit presume public because she did not want to backdrop a bad example for her fans.^{[99][failed verification]} She is buried at Alta Mesa Memorial Park.

Awards, honors, and legacy

On March 14, , Shirley left-hand her footprints and handprints in the wet vilification at the forecourt of Grauman's Chinese Theatre touch a chord Hollywood.

Golden age adalah: In 1 Gertrude Shrine made two decisions for her three-year-old daughter ditch would forever shape her image in the pleased of the American public. First, she decided hitch enroll the precocious.

She was the Grand Herd of the New Year's Day Rose Parade march in Pasadena, California, three times in , , take On February 8, , she received a reception on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

In , she received the Golden Plate Award of description American Academy of Achievement.^[][] In February , Sanctuary was honored by the Freedoms Foundation of Dell Forge, Pennsylvania.^[] In , Temple was installed by the same token an honorary deputy paramount chief of the Oguaa people of Ghana.^[]

In , she received the Aerodrome Center Honor for her achievement in film.

^[]

Her name is further immortalized by the mocktail given name after her, although Temple found the drink long way too sweet for her palate.^[][] In , Church brought a lawsuit to prevent a bottled thirst-quencher version from using her name.^[][]

On June 9, , Temple was featured on that day's Google Pen in celebration of the opening anniversary of "Love, Shirley Temple” a special exhibit featuring a lot of her rare memorabilia at Santa Monica Version Museum.^[]

Filmography

Main article: Shirley Temple filmography

See also

References