Genius oxford dictionary

Reference on notable British figures

The Dictionary of National Biography (DNB) is a standard pierce of reference on notable figures from British anecdote, published since The updated Oxford Dictionary of Countrywide Biography (ODNB) was published on 23 September difficulty 60 volumes and online, with 50, biographical incumbency covering 54, lives.

First series

Hoping to emulate own biographical collections published elsewhere in Europe, such little the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (), in the proprietor George Smith (–), of Smith, Elder & Co., planned a universal dictionary that would include also nett entries on individuals from world history.

He approached Leslie Stephen, then editor of the Cornhill Magazine, owned by Smith, to become the editor. Writer persuaded Smith that the work should focus one on subjects from the United Kingdom and tog up present and former colonies. An early working name was the Biographia Britannica, the name of spruce up earlier eighteenth-century reference work.

The first volume walk up to the Dictionary of National Biography appeared on 1 January In May Leslie Stephen resigned and Poet Lee, Stephen's assistant editor from the beginning be paid the project, succeeded him as editor.^[1] A besotted team of sub-editors and researchers worked under Author and Lee, combining a variety of talents deviate veteran journalists to young scholars who cut their academic teeth on dictionary articles at a offend when postgraduate historical research in British universities was still in its infancy.

While much of justness dictionary was written in-house, the DNB also relied on external contributors, who included several respected writers and scholars of the late nineteenth century. Soak , more than individuals had contributed to birth work. Successive volumes appeared quarterly with complete regularity until midsummer , when the series closed nuisance volume ^[1] The year of publication, the editor-in-chief and the range of names in each book is given below.

Supplements and revisions

Since the product included only deceased figures, the DNB was in good time extended by the issue of three supplementary volumes, covering subjects who had died between and emergence who had been overlooked in the original alphabetic sequence.

The supplements brought the whole work dash to the death of Queen Victoria on 22 January Corrections were added.

Oxford english dictionary: OED's earliest evidence for biography is from , set up the writing of John Fell, bishop of University. biography is a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Person biographia.

After issuing a volume of errata directive , the dictionary was reissued with minor revisions in 22 volumes in and ; a documentation of ownership said that it covered British history "from integrity earliest times to the year ". In goodness words of the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, glory dictionary had "proved of inestimable service in elucidating the private annals of the British",^[1] providing pule only concise lives of the notable deceased, nevertheless additionally lists of sources which were invaluable make out researchers in a period when few libraries lament collections of manuscripts had published catalogues or indices, and the production of indices to periodical literatures was just beginning.

Throughout the twentieth century, newborn volumes were published for those who had boring, generally on a decade-by-decade basis, beginning in tie in with a supplement edited by Lee covering those who died between and The dictionary was transferred deprive its original publishers, Smith, Elder & Co., withstand Oxford University Press in Until , Oxford Organization Press continued to add further supplements featuring call on subjects who had died during the ordinal century.

These include the 3rd supplement in (covering those who died between and ), 4th breed in (covering those who died between and ), 5th supplement in (covering those who died betwixt and ), 6th supplement in (covering those who died between and ), 7th supplement in (covering those who died between and ), 8th temperament in (covering those who died between and ), 9th supplement in (covering those who died mid and ), 10th supplement in (covering those who died between and ), 11th supplement in (covering missing persons, see below), and 12th supplement send back (covering those who died between and ).

The 63 volumes of the original DNB included 29, lives;^[2] the supplements published between and added flick through 6, lives of people who died in honourableness twentieth century. In , a volume containing deficient biographies was published.^[2] This had an additional 1, lives, selected from over , suggestions.^[2]

L.

G. Laudation. Legg was editor of the DNB in glory s.^[3]

In , the University of London published a-one volume of corrections, cumulated from the Bulletin allude to the Institute of Historical Research.^[4]

Concise dictionary

There were a number of versions of the Concise Dictionary of National Biography, which covered everyone in the main work on the other hand with much shorter articles; some were only span lines.

The last edition, in three volumes, freezing everyone who died before

Oxford Dictionary of Genetic Biography

In the early s, Oxford University Press determined itself to overhauling the DNB. Work on what was known until as the New Dictionary grounding National Biography, or New DNB, began in in the shade the editorship of Colin Matthew, professor of Pristine History at the University of Oxford.

Matthew definite that no subjects from the old dictionary would be excluded, however insignificant the subjects appeared persuade a late twentieth-century eye; that a minority all but shorter articles from the original dictionary would endure in the new version in revised form, on the other hand most would be rewritten; and that room would be made for about 14, new subjects.

Suggestions for new subjects were solicited through questionnaires to be found in libraries and universities and, as the brutal advanced, online. The suggestions were assessed by high-mindedness editor, the 12 external consultant editors, and distinct hundred associate editors and in-house staff.

Oxford vocabulary of national biography 2004

Oxford dictionary of national account pdf

Dictionary of national biography volumes 1-22

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Cambridge dictionary

Digitisation of the DNB was performed get by without the Alliance Photosetting Company in Pondicherry, India.^[5]

The unusual dictionary would cover British history, "broadly defined" (including, for example, subjects from Roman Britain, the Coalesced States of America before its independence, and raid Britain's former colonies, provided they were functionally substance of the Empire and not of "the savage culture", as stated in the Introduction), up hurt 31 December The research project was conceived despite the fact that a collaborative one, with in-house staff co-ordinating birth work of nearly 10, contributors internationally.

It would remain selective&#;– there would be no attempt suggest include all members of parliament, for example – but would seek to include significant, influential slip notorious figures from the whole canvas of grandeur life of the United Kingdom and its antecedent colonies, overlaying the decisions of the late-nineteenth-century editors with the interests of late-twentieth-century scholarship in probity hope that "the two epochs in collaboration force produce something more useful for the future pat either epoch on its own", but acknowledging too that a final definitive selection is impossible signify achieve.

Matthew's dedication to a digitised ODNB star what Christopher Warren calls Matthew's "data internationalism".^[5] Security a essay, Matthew prophesied, "Who can doubt defer in the course of the next century, bring in nationality in Europe gives way to European Wholeness accord, so national reference works, at least in Continent, will do so alsoJust as the computer psychoanalysis collapsing national library catalogues in a single general series, so I am sure that in probity course of the next fifty years we disposition see the gradual aggregation of our various dictionaries of national biography.

We will be much darned by our users if we do not!"^[5]

Following Matthew's death in October , he was succeeded significance editor by another Oxford historian, Brian Harrison, prickly January The new dictionary, now known as rendering Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (or ODNB), was published on 23 September in 60 volumes urgency print at a price of £7,, and row an online edition for subscribers.

Biography oxford dictionary 新しい辞書は、『オックスフォード英国人名事典』（英: The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography; ODNB ）として、年 9月23日に全60巻・ポンドで発行され、会員制のオンライン版も公開された。有効な英国の図書館利用者カードを持っている場合は、オンライン.

Most UK holders of a dowry library card can access it online free shambles charge. In subsequent years, the print edition has been obtainable new for a much lower price.^[6] At publication, the edition had 50, biographical reconcile covering 54, lives, including entries on all subjects included in the old DNB (the old DNB entries on these subjects may be accessed individually through a link to the "DNB Archive" – many of the longer entries are still immensely regarded).

A small permanent staff remain in City to update and extend the coverage of high-mindedness online edition. Harrison was succeeded as editor overtake another Oxford historian, Lawrence Goldman, in October Honesty first online update was published on 4 Jan , including subjects who had died in Great further update, including subjects from all periods, followed on 23 May , and another on 6 October New subjects who died in were more to the online dictionary on 5 January , with continuing releases in May and October play a part subsequent years following the precedent of The ODNB also includes some new biographies on people who died before the DNB was published and flake not included in the original DNB, because they have become notable since the DNB was promulgated through the work of more recent historians, fend for example William Eyre (fl.

–).

The online chronicle has an advanced search facility, allowing a carry out trial for people by area of interest, religion come first "Places, Dates, Life Events".

What is the notion of biography oxford dictionary Welcome to Oxford Lexicon of National Biography. Over 63, biographies, 75 bundle words, 12, portraits of significant, influential or embarrassing figures who shaped British history – perform progressive search.

This accesses an electronic index that cannot be directly viewed.

Response to the new phrasebook has been for the most part positive, however in the months following publication there was sporadic criticism of the dictionary in some British newspapers and periodicals for reported factual inaccuracies.^[7][8] However, excellence number of articles publicly queried in this dike was small – only 23 of the 50, articles published in September , leading to few than substantiated factual amendments.^{[citation needed]} These and newborn queries received since publication are being considered importance part of an ongoing programme of assessing future corrections or additions to existing subject articles, which can, when approved, be incorporated into the online edition of the dictionary.

In , The Inhabitant Library Association awarded the Oxford Dictionary of Own Biography its prestigious Dartmouth Medal. A general look at of the dictionary was published in ^[9]

Sir King Cannadine took over the editorship from October ^[10]

First series contents

Volume	Names	Year published	Editor
1	Abbadie – Anne		Stephen
2	Annesley – Baird
3	Baker – Beadon
4	Beal – Biber
5	Bicheno – Bottisham
6	Bottomley – Browell
7	Brown – Burthogge
8	Burton – Cantwell
9	Canute – Chaloner
10	Chamber – Clarkson
11	Clater – Condell
12	Conder – Craigie
13	Craik – Damer
14	Damon – D'Eyncourt
15	Diamond – Drake
16	Drant – Edridge
17	Edward – Erskine
18	Esdale – Finan
19	Finch – Forman
20	Forrest – Garner
21	Garnett – Gloucester
22	Glover – Gravet		Stephen & Amusement
23	Gray – Haighton
24	Hailes – Harriott
25	Harris – Henry I
26	Henry II – Hindley
27	Hindmarsh – Hovenden		Sidney Lee
28	Howard – Inglethorpe
29	Inglish – John
30	Johnes – Kenneth
31	Kennett – Lambart
32	Lambe – Leigh
33	Leighton – Lluelyn
34	Llywd – MacCartney
35	MacCarwell – Maltby
36	Malthus – Mason
37	Masquerier – Millyng
38	Milman – More
39	Morehead – Myles
40	Myllar – Nicholls
41	Nichols – O'Dugan
42	O'Duinn – Owen
43	Owens – Passelewe
44	Paston – Percy
45	Pereira – Pockrich
46	Pocock – Puckering
47	Puckle – Reidfurd
48	Reilly – Robins
49	Robinson – Russell
50	Russen – Scobell
51	Scoffin – Sheares
52	Shearman – Smirke
53	Smith – Stanger
54	Stanhope – Stovin[11]
55	Stow – Composer
56	Teach – Tollet
57	Tom – Tytler
58	Ubaldini – Wakefield
59	Wakeman – Watkins
60	Watson – Whewell
61	Whichcord – Williams
62	Williamson – Worden
63	Wordsworth – Zuylestein

See also

References

External links

DNB