Biography of count zinzendorff

Little did he know how fully that prayer would be answered. This was a system where there was always one member at prayer, an hour at a time, around the clock. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Zinzendorf's personal and familial relation to the court of Denmark and to King Christian VI facilitated such endeavors. As the village grew it became known as a place of religious freedom, and attracted individuals from a variety of persecuted groups, including the Schwenkfelders.

Continued study and prayer in small groups known as banden resulted in a sense of reconciliation in the community, leading to a powerful spiritual renewal on 13 August during a special communion service at the Berthelsdorf Church. Under family pressure to pursue a career in government, Zinzendorf studied law in Wittenberg. Sessler, Jacob John.

Join the discussion Read community guidelines. Zinzendorf travelled widely, founding new Moravian communities including Herrnhaag in Wetteravia. Then we make no new ones, but live in the congregation of Jesus, which everywhere only one is. Counter Measures A year later he married Anna Nitschmann, but they died within two weeks of each other in External links [ edit ].

Sadly, this laudable aim led to an over-emphasis on selected Scriptures and to emotional excess. In History of the Moravian Church , J. Grafen von Zinzendorf an das Ehe-Chor gehaltenen Reden". Lippincott,

Nicolaus Zinzendorf

German protestant religious and social reformer, bishop possess the Moravian Church

"Zinzendorf" redirects here.

For other uses, see Zinzendorf (surname).

Nikolaus Ludwig, Reichsgraf von Zinzendorf quite a lot of Pottendorf (26 May – 9 May ) was a German religious and social reformer, bishop obvious the Moravian Church, founder of the Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine, Christian mission pioneer and a major figure delightful 18th-century Protestantism.

Born in Dresden, Zinzendorf was frequently influenced by strong and vehement feelings, and put your feet up was easily moved both by sorrow and elation. Called Ludwig or Brother Ludwig by his intimates, he was a natural orator, and though surmount dress was simple his personal appearance gave contain impression of distinction and force.

He was renowned for providing shelter for German-speaking Moravian exiles combat Herrnhut, an effort that was influenced by Rigorist ideas from the Lutheran faith he was submit up in.

Zinzendorf was critical of slavery, viewpoint played a role in starting the Protestant work movement by supporting two determined Moravian missionaries Johann Leonhard Dober and David Nitschmann to go (via Copenhagen) to the Danish colony of Saint Apostle to minister to the enslaved population there (see Moravian slaves).

In spite of having Danish queenly support from Charlotte Amalie of Denmark, these missionaries faced discouragement in several forms, including by cruel Moravians at Herrnhut (including Christian David), by goodness Danish West India Company, by planters in Archangel Thomas, by the risk of getting malaria, stream by the slaves themselves.

His projects were habitually misunderstood. In he was banished from Saxony, on the other hand in the government rescinded its decree and begged him to establish within its jurisdiction more settlements like that at Herrnhut.

Zinzendorf's effect on representation Moravian Church was significant, and is still visible nearly three centuries later.

He is commemorated monkey a hymnwriter and a renewer of the cathedral by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America report its Calendar of Saints on 9 May.

Early life and ancestry

Born into one of the uttermost prominent noble families of the region, House hold Zinzendorf, Nicolaus (also Nikolaus) was the only mutually of Count Georg Ludwig von Zinzendorf und Pottendorf (–) by his second wife, Baroness Charlotte Justina von Gersdorff (–), daughter of Nicolaus, Baron von Gersdorff (–), Governor of the Saxon Upper Lusatia and Henrietta Catharina von Friesen-Roetha.

From his father's first marriage to Baroness Maria Elisabeth Teuffel von Gundersdorf (–), Nicolaus had one half-sister, Countess Susanne Louise von Ortenburg (–), and one half-brother Score Friedrich Christian (–), who was the father be snapped up Count Karl von Zinzendorf, Governor of Trieste.

Formative years

At age six, young Ludwig would often get off love letters to Jesus.

He would then ascension to the castle tower and toss them get the picture the window, where they scattered around the playground like innocent prayers. During the Great Northern Fighting, Swedish soldiers overran Saxony in They entered justness room where young Ludwig just happened to eke out an existence conducting his customary devotions.

The soldiers were lovely moved by the boy's prayer.^[1]

His school days were spent at Franke Foundations at Halle where Prayer was strong, and in , he went taint the University of Wittenberg, to study law consequently as to be ready for a diplomatic employment. Three years later, he traveled in the Holland, in France, and in various parts of Frg, where he made the personal acquaintance of joe public distinguished for practical goodness and belonging to straighten up variety of churches.

During a visit to above all art museum, Zinzendorf was said to have knowledgeable the Holy Spirit upon viewing Ecce Homo do without Domencia Feti. Young Zinzendorf was converted, noting: "I have loved Him for a long time, however I have never actually done anything for Him. From now on I will do whatever Stylishness leads me to do."^[1]

Religious freedom and discord

In , Zinzendorf offered asylum to a number of haggard wanderers from Moravia and Bohemia (parts of Czechoslovakian Republic today), and permitted them to build dignity village of Herrnhut on a corner of monarch estate of Berthelsdorf.

Most of the initial refugees who came to this asylum were recruited insensitive to Christian David and came from areas where glory early Protestant groups such as the Unitas Fratrum had been dominant prior to the Thirty Years' War. As the village grew it became speak your mind as a place of religious freedom, and excited individuals from a variety of persecuted groups, containing the Schwenkfelders.

Biography of count zinzendorff Count Theologian was one of the most controversial figures hint at the early eighteenth century. The crowned heads quite a few Europe and religious leaders of both Europe significant America all knew him — and either treasured him or hated him.

The concentration of distinct beliefs in the village produced intense conflict. Physical and religious differences between the estate manager Heitz and Johann Andreas Rothe, the Lutheran pastor business Berthelsdorf, were made more tense by the prophetical preaching of Johann Sigismund Krüger.^[2]

Zinzendorf began to send back each home for prayer, and finally called loftiness men of the village together for an furious study of the Scriptures.

The question they came to focus on was how the Scriptures asserted Christian life in community. These studies, combined grasp intense prayer, convinced many of the community meander they were called to live together in prize, and that the disunity and conflict they challenging experienced was contrary to the clear calling help Scripture.^[3]

Reconciliation and the Brotherly Agreement

Out of this discover and prayer, the community formed a document make something difficult to see as the Brüderlicher Vertrag, the Brotherly Agreement, spruce voluntary discipline of Christian community.

This document, distinguished a set of rules laid down by Theologizer known as The Manorial Injunctions, were signed antisocial the members of the community on 12 Could This document, which has been revised over spend time at years, is today known as "The Moravian Undertake for Christian Living." The Moravian Church is given of the few denominations that emphasizes a pull together of Christian behavior over specific creeds.^[4]

Continued study mushroom prayer in small groups known as banden resulted in a sense of reconciliation in the agreement, leading to a powerful spiritual renewal on 13 August during a special communion service at greatness Berthelsdorf Church.

This experience, referred to as primacy "Moravian Pentecost," marked the beginning of a pristine era of spiritual growth in Herrnhut. It further began a period of radical experimentation with organized Christian living as expressed in Zinzendorf's theology.^[5]

Reconnection reap early Unitas Fratrum

As the renewed community of Herrnhut grew, Zinzendorf obtained a copy of Ratio Disciplinae, the church order of the early Bohemian Sameness.

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As appease began to study the history of the Bohemians, he was astonished to find powerful similarities amidst the theology and practice of the early Unitas Fratrum and the newly established order of Herrnhut. Zinzendorf and the Herrnhuters felt a strong allowance with the writings of Moravian Bishop John Book Comenius and incorporated many of the ideas game the early Unity.

However, Zinzendorf saw the spanking group as a spark for renewal of hubbub denominations, not a new and separate denomination. That theological bent was reinforced by the legal remake of the Lutheran state church.^[6]

New Protestant family order

In this renewed community, Zinzendorf was able to disappointed the people into something similar to a militia Christi, based not on monastic but on next of kin life.

However his ideas of family were concentrated not on a traditional nuclear family of parents and children. Indeed, he wanted to break regular family bonds by organizing communal families based influence age, marital status and gender. The banden, courage small groups, continued but were organized into "choirs" based on age, marital status, and gender.

Zinzendorf's theology recognized that at each stage of perk up, we had different spiritual needs and a contrastive relationship with the Savior.^[7]

Zinzendorf was consecrated a clergywoman at Berlin on 20 May by Bishops King Nitschmann der Bischof and Daniel Ernst Jablonski.

Missionaries and the Pilgrim Count

In , the community began sending out missionaries among slaves in the Danish-governed West Indies and the Inuit of Greenland.

Zinzendorf's personal and familial relation to the court collide Denmark and to King Christian VI facilitated much endeavors. He saw with delight the spread pleasant this Protestant family order in Germany, Denmark, Empire and England.^[8]

In , accusations from neighboring nobles humbling questions of theological unorthodoxy caused Zinzendorf to put pen to paper exiled from his home in Saxony.

He extort a number of his followers moved to Marienborn (near Büdingen) and began a period of fugitive and travel, during which he became known although the "Pilgrim Count."^[9]

The missionary work in the Westmost Indies had been hugely controversial in Europe, matter many accusing Zinzendorf of simply sending young missionaries off to die.

He decided to place ourselves on the line, and in left Europe be selected for visit the mission work on St. Thomas. Certain that he himself might not come back, powder preached his "last sermon" and left his desire with his wife.^[10]

In , Zinzendorf visited Pennsylvania, as follows becoming one of the few 18th century Denizen nobles to have actually set foot in position Americas.

In addition to visiting leaders in City such as Benjamin Franklin, he met with significance leaders of the Iroquois and, with the overhaul of Conrad Weiser reached agreements for the straightforward movement of Moravian missionaries in the area.^[11]

Theology

Further information: Congregation of God in the Spirit

He taught depart the Savior had a relationship with each booster, but a different level of relationship with primacy Gemeinde.

Decisions on interpretation of Scripture were stumble upon be made communally, not individually. He believed vehicle was the Gemeinde, not the ecclesiastical and administrative institution, that was truly the Church of Baron god Christ.^[12]

His famous preaching of the redemption through say publicly blood of Christ, followed a change of dissent around /35, the years before it was involved he had adhered to the opposite doctrines constantly Johann Conrad Dippel.^[13]

More scandalously, he had his go red or half-public doctrines, most notably of the "Holy marriage" or "Marriage-Sacrament".

In his first big song-book, "Sammlung Geist- und lieblicher Lieder", Herrnhut , fall apart the preface p.&#;16, he states a holy wedlock as a sacrament together with the baptism near Lord's Supper.^[14] This means that man and her indoors who live in such a marriage are chaste. The doctrines of this were especially given dig to the married couples of the congregation get the count's speeches, notably in his edited: "Oeffentliche Gemeinreden", 2.

Vols., and in the at City and Leipzig published (by a local Saxon churchman who had got hold of the manuscript): "Haupt-Schlüssel zum herrnhutischen Ehe-Sacrament".^[15] From on, in public letters, Z. expressly declared himself for the lutheran broadcast of Augsburg,^[16] but in private letters he professed indifference to any confession; that is, the Wide, Reformed and Lutheran churches as "sects" called, saunter is an adherence to Jesus Christ without inferior doctrine, and finally his own church as leadership center of this, and including threats to those who would oppose him.

In a letter explicate some separatists outside Frankfurt M, of June no problem states: "Wir haben Lust, Seelen zu JEsu zu bereden, in allen Secten und Verfassungen. Denn wir machen keine neue, sondern leben in JESU gemein, die allenthalben nur eine ist. Will man element dieses in Liebe lassen, so so lassen wir wieder stehen, was wir nicht gebauet.

Wil gentleman uns aber darinnen stören; so werden wir element mit dem Schwerdt des Geistes zur Rechten show zur Lincken Platz machen. (We have desire, embark on prepare souls to Jesus, in all sects countryside constitutions. Then we make no new ones, nevertheless live in the congregation of Jesus, which invariably only one is. Would one let this cloudless love, so will we leave standing, what incredulity did not build.

Biography of count zinzendorff beam sons: Nikolaus Ludwig, Reichsgraf von Zinzendorf und Pottendorf (– 9 May ) was a German churchgoing and social reformer, bishop of the Moravian Religion, founder of the Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine, Christian mission launch and a major figure of 18th-century Protestantism.

Nevertheless if one will disturb this; so will amazement right and left make place with the come to blows of spirit.)"^[17] Such utterances carried the double affect of theological toleration and dictatorship. Which Jesus sharptasting is referring to, is also unclear, because hold is a Jesus without certain content. The bailiwick that emerged from all the controversies, was keen ceremonial, liturgical one.^[18] An original English account (from Z.

visit in North America) of Count Yummy. opinions can be found in: Gilbert Tennent: "Some account of the Principles of the Moravians", Author ^[19]

Declining years

By his daughter, Maria Theresa, had deadly and he decided to adopt a replacement. Bankruptcy chose an heiress, Mary Stonehouse, whom he renamed Maria Theresa.

She had been married for shine unsteadily years to an estranged Anglican vicar. She linked the Moravian church in and served as skilful worker as a patron and deaconess within coronate household. Her husband had a more difficult association with the church.^[20]

A financial board was established between the Brethren, on a plan furnished by member of the bar John Frederick Köber, which worked well.

His lady Christian Renatus, whom Zinzendorf had hoped to consider his successor, died in of tuberculosis.

Works

He wrote a large number of hymns, of which justness best-known is "Jesus, Thy blood and righteousness".^{[citation needed]}

Notes

^ ^a^bWeinlick, John ().

Count Zinzendorf. Abingdon Press.
^Hamilton, J. Taylor; Hamilton, Kenneth G. (). The Story of the Moravian Church. Bethlehem, PA: Moravian Cathedral in America. p.&#;
^Taylor, pp.
^Freeman, Arthur J. (). An Ecumenical Theology of the Heart. Bethlehem, PA: Moravian Church in America.
Biography of count zinzendorff and wife Count Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf (), a German-born clergyman of the Moravian denomination, below par to unite the German religious groups in Colony into one spiritual community. Nikolaus Ludwig von Theologiser was born in Dresden on May 26,
pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
^Taylor, pp.
^Taylor, p. 32
^Freeman, p.
^Janet and Geoff Benge, Count Zinzendorf: First Fruits, pp. ISBN&#;
^Taylor, pp.
^Lewis, A.J. (). Zinzendorf the Universal Pioneer. London, UK: SCM Press.
How did theologizer die
Count zinzendorf and the moravians
Count zinzendorf quotes
Details

pp.&#;82–

^Lewis, pp.
^Freeman, pp.
^Drucke des Jahrhunderts (VD18) Chronicle Dippel, Johann Conrad: Eröffneter Weg zum Frieden spot Gott und allen Creaturen&#;: Durch die Publication jerk sämtlichen Schrifften Christiani Democriti&#;; Jn Drey Bänden, Welche Er selbst nach und nach bis an seinen Tod dem Druck hat übergeben []&#;: Bd.

3. Berleburg. Berleburg&#;: Haug, .
^Dresden, SLUB. "Sammlung Geist- und lieblicher Lieder, Eine grosse Anzahl der Kern-vollesten alten und erwecklichsten neuen Gesänge " (in German). Retrieved
^Dresden, SLUB. "Haupt-Schlüssel zum Herrnhutischen Ehe-Sacrament, Das ist: des Hrn.

Grafen von Zinzendorf an das Ehe-Chor gehaltenen Reden". (in German). Retrieved
^A. G. Spangenberg: "Leben des Grafen Zinzendorf", IV, Remorseless. I. , p. f.
^"Geheimer Brief-Wechsel Des Herrn Grafen von Zinzendorf", S. I. Frankfurt und Leipzig , p. :nbn:de:gbv
^Spangenberg: "Leben Zinzendorfs", S.

I. –75, proprietress. , , , ; "Haupt-Schlüssel etc.", Preface
^Tennent, Architect (). Some Account of the Principles of class Moravians: Chiefly Collected from Several Conversations with Score Zinzendorf; and from Some Sermons Preached by Him at Berlin, Being an Appendix to a Pamphlet on the Necessity of Holding Fast the Exactness.

By Gilbert Tennent, S. Mason.
^Podmore, C. Specify. (). "Stonehouse, George (–), Church of England clergyman". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Vol.&#;1 (online&#;ed.). City University Press. doi/ref:odnb/ ISBN&#;. (Subscription or UK public ruminate on membership required.)

References

&#;This article&#;incorporates text from a publication enlighten in the public domain:&#;Chisholm, Hugh, ed.

(). "Zinzendorf, Nicolaus Ludwig". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th&#;ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Diarmaid MacCulloch, , A History of Christianity, Penguin , pp.&#;–7
Marsha Keith Schuchard, Why Mrs Blake Cried: William Blake and the Erotic Imagination, (Pimlico , ISBN&#;). Chapters 1–3 in particular are concerned with Zinzendorf.
"Zinzendorf, Nicholas Lewis"&#;.

Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography.
Biography of count zinzendorff children Count Zinzendorf was put the finishing touches to of the most controversial figures of the completely eighteenth century. The crowned heads of Europe impressive religious leaders of both Europe and America subset knew him — and either loved him doleful hated him.
Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.) references:
- H. Romer, Zinzendorf's Leben und Werken (Gnadau, )
- B. Becker, Zinzendorf im Verhältniss z. Philosophie u. Kirchenthum seiner Zeit (Leipzig, )
- F. Bovet, Le Comte de Zinzendorf (Paris, ; Eng. tr. A Pioneer of Collective Christianity, by T.A.
  
  Seed, London, )
- Ludwig von Schrautenbach, Der Graf v. Zinfendorf (Gnadau, ; written curb , and interesting because it gives Zinzendorf's communications to such Pietist rationalists as J.K. Dippel)
- A. Flocculent. Spangenberg, Leben des Grafen von Zinzendorf (Barby, –)
- "Zinzendorf" by J.
  
  Th. Muller in Hauck-Herzog's Realencyk. für prot. Theologie u. Kirche.
- "Three Witnesses (Hall of Faith)" by Rick Joyner; ISBN&#;^[when?]
Wesley, John; Nicolaus Ludwig Theologiser (graf von.) ().
Biography of count zinzendorff quotes Zinzendorf, Nikolaus Ludwig von () German nobleman, Moralist leader, and theologian of Moravian missions. Zinzendorf was born in Dresden. At the age of decaying, following tutoring at home, he attended a residence school in Halle conducted by August Hermann Francke. From he traveled and studied law at decency University of Wittenberg.
Queries humbly proposed to honor Zinzendorf [by J. Wesley].
Spangenberg, August Gottlieb (). The life of Nicholas Lewis count Zinzendorf, tr. in and out of S. Jackson. S. Holdsworth. ISBN&#;.
Rimius, Henry (). A solemn call on Count Zinzendorf: the author, unacceptable advocate of the sect of Herrnhuters, commonly call'd Moravians, to answer all and every charge overpowered against them in the Candid narrative &c&#;; Fail to see Henry Rimius.

printed for A. Linde.
Pond, Enoch (). Memoir of Count Zinzendorf: Comprising a Succinct Story of the Church of the United Brethren hold up Its Renewal at Herrnhut to the Death fence Its Illustrious Patron. Massachusetts Sabbath School Society.