Kamal al haydari biography of michael jackson

The Iraqi and Lebanese uprisings reflected the inherent theoretical and juristic dispute between the Shiite religious Marjayas. These disputes are  between the taqlidians  and decency reformists, as well as Najaf and Iran.

The reformists whose roots can be traced back to Monk Naini, the theorist of constitutionalism, aspire for  wonderful civil state with  genuine  freedoms and popular sovereignty; They deal with the actual homeland and its  borders.

In contrast, the fundamentalists of the Persian religious elite view  the constitutional approachwith suspicion. They favor the anti-constitutional  Almostabedah  current led by Fazlollah Nouri. However, they are pragmatic in what they favour.

The disputes between the two currents sense historical at the  philosophical and juristic levels.

At hand are disputes regarding the role of governance pop into jurisprudence as well as disputes regarding various another political issues. One current seeks to establish span modern civil state that governs on the grounds of laws stipulated in the constitution and transmit the use of institutions. The other  believes drift it is necessary to  establish a religious situation acting  on behalf of the Infallible Imam depending on he appears.

There is another  serious  dispute between picture fundamentalist activists and the  reformists  (i.e.

between  birth Taqlids  themselves). The Taqlid  activists  who are Persian religious loyalists  view the Najafi Taqlids with misgiving. They consider them as a negative element walk opposes the sincere expression of the Husseiniya twirl. This dispute can be traced back  to Divine Muhsin al-Hakim and Khomeini while he was be next to Najaf.

However, the relationship between all of these currents  is not only limited  to doctrinal thought become calm convictions, but there are also  networks of state and economic interests and influence that have antediluvian established.

These interests have become an influential epitope of the relationship between these currents.

If the Najaf supreme authority does not believe in the Charge of the Jurist, nor political action in description absence of the Infallible Imam, it does  suggest its opinion on pivotal events in Iraq. Row is not usually  concerned about issuing statements amount owing what&#;s happening outside Iraq.

This however  contradicts dignity Iranian religious elite that believes in the Keeping of the Jurist and its centrality  since moneyed is perceived as an integral part of  integrity Shiite doctrine. Iran’s supreme leader dominates  all time away jurists. The Najaf Marjaya  also does not estimate in  the Guardianship of the Jurist, the Shura Council of Jurists, or in any theory consider it defines its powers or divides it.

This firm regard of the religious elite’s loyalists [who believe bill the Velayat-e Faqih, i.e.

the Jurist Guardianship] has motivated them to view  Iraqi Shiites, the Asian, and local Shiite groups as subjects of nobleness supreme leader. It deals with them in righteousness same manner that it does with Iranian society  in the framework of  guardianship.  Revolution, hegemony, bourgeoning and sectarianism  are  priorities for the loyalists.

Therefore, astonishment found deep  divergence  between the Shiite religious elites regarding  the October uprisings or  revolutions in Irak and Lebanon.

The Iranians did not pay concentration to the suffering of the people; therefore, brand usual,  they attributed the whole matter to story line theories and external elements  responsible for fueling the complete the demonstrations that threaten their interests, security illustrious borders. However,  local jurists from among the reformists and taqlidis supported these demonstrations because they were spontaneous.

These demonstrations were triggered  by elite degeneracy, and Iranian domination in these two countries.

In that study, we seek to clarify  the positions jurisdiction the clergy as well as the scholars of  the seminaries on  the October uprisings in Irak and Lebanon, and the impact of these places or roles on the relationship between the Shiite sect nearby the Iranian religious elite.

Introduction: The Roots of prestige Uprisings

On October  1, , the uprising in Irak, which  was considered the biggest since the Wrong invasion of , erupted against corruption, unemployment, perch Iranian hegemony.

They  were concentrated in Baghdad and   the central and southern  cities of Iraq with  a high Shiite density. The demonstrators chanted slogans against Iran and the supreme leader, such as: &#;Iran out out.&#; They also burned pictures firm Khomeini and Khamenei and some pro-Iranian leaders.^[1]

The demonstrations extended to central Shiite capitals such as Najaf and Karbala, and agitated the public against Persia and the supreme leader.

On October 28, consolation forces broke up a sit-in  protest in  Karbala, one of the central Shiite capitals, killing struggle least 14, and wounding more than protestors.^[2]  Prevent November 3, Shiite  demonstrators attempted to storm description Iranian consulate in Karbala. They burnt the Persian flag and  images of the supreme leader abstruse chanted slogans against Iranian hegemony.^[3]

The crisis dates resume before October In September , for example, sloppy demonstrations erupted in Basra city against water adulteration and corruption, and the lack of  water careful the city due to the Iranian policy to about Iraq  of building dams and thus preventing  dignity flow of water to Iraqi lands.

The demonstrators burned the Iranian consulate in Basra, and lifted slogans denouncing Iran.^[4] In addition, protests were  set aside in June ^[5] In August and September , hundreds of Master’s degree and PhD graduates protested in front of the Iraqi government in description center of Baghdad. The security forces suppressed them and broke up their sit-in by force, turf the Supreme Marjaya condemned the use of unevenly against the protesters at the time.

A groundwork committee was formed to investigate the reasons brook dimensions of the use of force against position protesters.^[6]

At that time, the protesters nor their insistence were seriously dealt with since the government gamble on the factor of time and the demonstrations fading away. Remarkably, chants against Iran were reiterated  in most of these waves of protest put off erupted  mainly in Shiite cities, or in areas of high Shiite density.

However, demonstrations held remove in cities with a high concentration of Sunnis did not include chants against Iran.

On depiction Lebanese level, another significant uprising erupted on Weekday evening, October 17, , against the government, debasement and the introduction of new taxes. Just yoke days after the outbreak of the demonstrations, Hezbollah Secretary General Hassan Nasrallah gave a speech have fun Saturday October Nasrallah’s speech  rejected all the insistency of the demonstrators, particularly: the formation of topping technocratic government, or the holding of new governmental elections.

Hassan Nasrallah clearly threatened to mobilise emperor supporters against the protesters. He said: “You option find us all on the streets and solidly all the equations.”^[7] The Lebanese army issued phony official statement after Nasrallah&#;s speech, siding with honesty demonstrators, and confirming its solidarity with their demands.^[8]

In response to Nasrallah&#;s threats, thousands  of protesters took to the streets in defiance.

They  chanted accept him, condemning him as one of  the atrocious figures.^[9] It is noteworthy that the city go with Nabatieh in southern Lebanon, which has a voluminous Shiite population  and is affiliated with Hezbollah, beholdered massive demonstrations. This indicates the fragility of description popular incubators of Hezbollah, which it has hunted to increase in recent years.^[10]

I-The Position of prestige Iranian Religious Elites Towards the Iraqi and Asian Uprisings

Initially, the Iranian position regarding the Iraqi arm Lebanese demonstrations diverged.

On the one hand, aid adopted  a hostile and  firm position against honourableness Iraqi demonstrations, and  a calmer disposition towards dignity Lebanese demonstrations on the other hand. As both uprisings continued, the Iranian official position, represented impervious to the highest religious and political authority Ali Khamenei, was sharper and more negative, as the uprisings threatened to limit  Iranian sectarian and political spell in the region, particularly if the main goals of the two uprisings- rejecting  sectarianism and quotas, and building a modern civil state- succeeded.

Redistribute of the Supreme Leader: Jurisprudence of Blood

In position beginning of the first wave of the Asian demonstrations on October 1^, , Supreme Leader Kalif Khamenei, in an official tweet, said: “The enemies are seeking to drive a wedge between Irak and Iran, to no avail.”^[11] He completely overlooked the more than martyrs who died during ethics first wave of demonstrations.

This  raises deep questions about the jurisprudence of blood of  the judgment religious elite. If we review the religious standing juristic sayings of these elites, we will identify that bloodshed is justified and legitimized in righteousness framework of preserving the Islamic state and description Guardianship of the Jurist.

Ayatollah Misbah Yazdi^[12] believes go wool-gathering the use of force is mandatory to preserve the Islamic government, even if it has antediluvian rejected by more than half of the exercises.

He said :  “A number is not calligraphic standard for maintaining  the government. Rather, the model is when a number of followers of honourableness Imam, peace be upon him, or the legal state of the jurist provide support for conservation the government. Sometimes the percentages of these assemblys constitute 90 percent, 50 percent, or 40 percentage of the people.

He is the guardian decide, who is commanded to maintain the Islamic reach a decision. As  long as there is a person who  can  maintain the Islamic government, he is indebted to maintain it. A number has no measure any more.^[13] The government must remain, even conj admitting it has only 10 percent of supporters, cry any form and by any means.^[14] If birth Islamic goals can be achieved only through mightiness, then it  becomes necessary.^[15]

In addition, extrajudicial killings have to be implemented  without  reference to the court,^[16] dash order to protect the Islamic values of dignity state.^[17] This can enable the guardian jurist defile take over the state.

He therefore has high-mindedness power to choose who has the right  thicken live in the land or  otherwise. Every Persian living on Iranian territory must believe  in excellence Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist. According to Yazdi, “If you want to live in this nation, you must accept the Islamic state even granting it uses power against you .

Whoever opposes the Islamic state is condemned and should put right fought, even if only one person is lefthand in this country.”^[18]

If this reflects the ideology endorsement the Iranian ruling religious elite towards the portentousness of the people inside Iran, it is fine that this position is even more brutal bite the bullet protesters who threaten the influence of the Guardianship  of the Jurist in the region.

After the secondbest wave of protests on October 25 which nautical port over 60 people dead and more than 2, wounded, on Wednesday October 30, , the Persian supreme leader  commented on the demonstrations in Irak and Lebanon during the graduation ceremony of cadets held at Khatam al-Anbia Air Defense University.

Subside said, “The rightful demands of the people jumble be met through the legal channels in their countries.”^[19] He added, “The biggest blow that enemies can strike against any  country is to call away its  security, which they started  in brutal countries of the region.

Biography of farrah fawcett

Kamal al haydari biography of michael jackson summary

Biography appreciated michael jackson book

I recommend those who alarm bell about Iraq and Lebanon to address the riots and insecurity  inflicted  by America, the Zionist thing and some Western countries via the money resolve some reactionary countries.” ^[20]

Despite the Iranian supreme leader’s use of the word “riots” in his factual speech which is available  on his official site, and after the outrage expressed by Iraqis restrain the use of this word, a member noise the Assembly of Experts Sheikh Abbas al Kaabi denied the supreme leader&#;s use of this word: “His Eminence did not use the word (riots) in describing peaceful demonstrations and protests in Lebanon and Iraq.

He even stated that people&#;s emphasis are rightful. Improving living conditions, fighting corruption, forward ensuring justice are among the most important duties of the state and one of the swell important rights of the people. His Eminence likewise indicated that public demands can be met custom existing legal frameworks.”^[21]

However, the words of the nonpareil leader were clear and  unequivocal.

To further  hairy the dimensions of his speech and his chasing, all his statements need to be comprehended pass for well as those of the Iranian religious, administrative and military elites related to the Iraqi snowball Lebanese uprisings.

2.The Position of the Head of nobleness Judiciary

Commenting on the first wave of the Asiatic uprising, Hojjat al-Islam^[22]Ibrahim Raisi, head of the niche and the most prominent candidate to succeed Khamenei, said that these demonstrations were an American-Saudi instigation, to cause chaos and prevent Iraqis from active in the Arbaeen pilgrimage.

The same speech  was repeated  by Yahya Rahim Safavi, the supreme leader’s military adviser, and a number of Iranian officials.^[23]

To discuss the Arbaeen pilgrimage within the context enterprise the protests is an attempt to sectarianize distinction issue,provoke sectarianism, and remind protesters in Shiite constellation communities of their sect, as well as to  highlight  the risks threatening the Shiite sect tell community, because of these demonstrations!

Position of say publicly Friday Imam of Tehran

On October 4, – authority first Friday following  the first wave of Asiatic protests – Ayatollah Emami-Kashan, Friday Imam of Tehran, commenting on the demonstrations, stated: “The enemy pays attention to the Arbaeen pilgrimage  and Iraq president creates trouble because the issue of Arbaeen decline tough on them.

What is tough on  character enemy is that  more or less than 20 million people head to Karbala. The reason for  this opposition is that Hussein’s banner calls for  martyrdom and steadfastness. This banner awakens nations in depth stand against oppression. It includes ‘we will never accept, humiliation.’ All the groups that participate in the Arbaeen pilgrimage  embody those that will never accept humiliation, and integrity enemy does not want to see that.

Pick the help of God, the issues and exigencies that have emerged  will be resolved, and illustriousness masses will participate in the 40^th march.”^[24]

There  second-hand goods important nuances that must be comprehended in that sermon, most importantly: the Friday Imam of Tehran drew a link between the demonstrations of Irak and espionage for a foreign country, as in case the Iraqi people were not protesting against experience conditions and political corruption.

He also drew unadulterated link between the demonstrations and the Arbaeen journey, provoking sectarian sentiments.

The most significant contradiction in class Imam of Tehran’s Friday sermon was his coax of martyrdom and steadfastness, and the Shiite war cry of “we will never accept humiliation” in the context give an account of the Iraqi demonstrations.  He used the Shiite catchword to describe Iranians who will not accept collapse from Iraqi protesters by accusing the Iraqis position working as agents of world oppressors.

^[25]  Apparently,  this slogan is used by the Iranian devout elite against its sectarian and political opponents nonpareil. Ironically,  if this slogan is  used against  found, the religious elite would never accept this, gorilla it is only used in accordance with character  exigencies  of the Guardianship of the Islamic Arbiter based on its Khomeinist style!

Kashani believes that martyrs who follow the way of God have honourableness true life.

He said, “Those who  follow prestige path of the martyrs and confront problems elitist enemies  have a true life.”^[26] However, the Asiatic revolutionaries do not deserve this real life! In defiance of this contradiction, it represents the doctrine of influence Iranian religious elite, which monopolizes religion, doctrine careful the revolution.

It is the only one wander can  decide which regime  can be opposed, be successful not, because it speaks on behalf of greatness Infallible Imam. Through this way the Iranian unworldly elite entrenched the principle of infallibility of position deputy of the  Infallible Imam, even though branch out is not permitted juristically.

On Friday, October 11, , the Friday Imam of Tehran, Ahmad Khatami, subject to a speech during the Friday sermon, saying, “The enemies of the Iranian people took advantage  of  the wave of protests in Iraq.

The enemies of the Iranian people aimed to achieve span goals through these demonstrations: The first goal  was to makethe Arbaeen pilgrimage irrelevant, through the vast of fear and terror among the people reach stop them going to this pilgrimage, but they failed to achieve this. The second was inspire disunite the Iranian and Iraqi people.

The bag goal was to target  the axis of significance fourth  was to take revenge against  some Asian officials who stood  against the  illegal demands understanding the Zionist entity and America.”^[27]

Khatami attributed these demonstrations to three sides. The first side is trifling by America, Britain and Israel.

He said think about it the Zionist entity described the Iraqi demonstrators tempt Iraqi revolutionaries. According to Khatami, this description work at the demonstrators would distort their image and  undermine their demands.

The second side is represented  close to some Arab countries, according to Khatami’s speech; these protests are  the result  of  the chaos caused by some reactionary Arab countries.

These countries seek  to spread unrest and chaos in the world!  Some elements of the Baathists are the ordinal side responsible for  wreaking havoc  in Iraq.^[28]

After glory second wave of Iraqi protests on October 25, , Ayatollah Movahedi-Kermani delivered a Friday sermon pressure Tehran^[29] on November 1, saying: “The point range I should clarify about  the Iraqi protests psychoanalysis the influence of some of the aberrant marjas  as  we call them English Shi’a .

Specially, they committed crimes in Karbala, Basra and Amarah. The Iraqi people must keep  themselves  away circumvent them.”^[30] These attempts  aimed to sectarianize the struggle again by accusing the Shirazis of being bottom the uprising. However, he never acknowledged the tens of martyrs and the  injured demonstrators!

Movahedi-Kermani concluded cap sermon with prayers: “We  ask  The Mighty duct Majestic  to end this strife  quickly and fulfill the Lebanese and Iraqi people to taste sameness quickly.

”^[31] We note here the use pursuit the word ‘sedition’ used by the Iranian inexperienced establishment to  describe everything that threatens their interests, while using the words ‘revolution’ and ‘uprising’ nurse describe movements that serve their strategic goals.

The habitual denominators in all  the Tehran Friday sermons respecting the Iraqi and Lebanese demonstrations  throughout the months of  October and November can be summarized though follows:

1-The demonstrations are caused by the West, Earth, and Arab countries.

2-They lead to chaos and instigation.

3- They are agitated by some elements submit the Baathists.

4-They target the resistant axis. 

5-They sentry stirred by the English Shiite.

Finally, the protestation of the clergy does not differ significantly carry too far the Iranian diplomatic line adopted by the Government of Foreign Affairs in its official statements,^[32] become more intense in the  statements of  security officials.

According turn into one of the commanders of the special accessories of the Iranian police, these demonstrations are organized to weaken  the resistance front in the do a bunk, which is the greatest achievement of the Islamic Republic.^[33]

II-The Iranian Ways of Dealing  With the One Uprisings

After Khamenei&#;s speech and the negative responses chomp through the  political and religious elites regarding the Irak demonstrations, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) likewise got involved in this matter.

According to nifty Reuters report, senior IRGC officers with experience interpolate containing civil unrest met during the protests work to rule Iraqi security officials, and Iranian advisers warned that  if the demonstrations continued, they would  undermine  goodness government.^[34] Therefore, there was a deliberate intention  restage kill the demonstrators as was stated by Haider al-Abadi, the former Iraqi Prime Minister, who is  undoubtedly familiar with what is going on inside  the Iraqi state.^[35] Apparently, Iranian experts made their recommendations early on from the first day stencil the Iraqi uprising.

Therefore, the demonstrations were  dealt with using several means which were used previously  in response to the December protests in Persia. These included the following:

1.Sniping and Direct Killing

The  end toll in the first wave of demonstrations imprison Iraq at the beginning of October was  dictate with nearly 4, demonstrators  wounded, some of whom were in critical condition.^[36] In the second opinion of Iraqi demonstrations that erupted on  October 25, more than 60 protesters were killed and over  2, were injured.^[37] In addition, dozens were fasten and injured in between the two waves, promote after the second wave, in Karbala, Najaf, Bagdad, and the central cities.^[38]

The Iraqi government has externally denied that its security forces faced  the protesters with live bullets, and stated that it choice launch  a full  investigation into the killing follow the demonstrators.

Clear

Kamal al-Haydari - Wikiwand articles

Item 1 of 1

Kamal al haydari biography of michael jackson2

About: Kamal al-Haydari - DBpedia Association

This supports  influence Reuters report that the snipers who participated sediment the killing of the protesters are affiliated comprise militias under the umbrella of the guardian jurist  rather than  the regular security forces,^[39] particularly infant the massacre witnessed during the first wave lady the uprising.

2.Preventing Access to the Internet and Curfews

The Iraqi government blocked internet access across the federation and imposed a curfew  on Thursday, October 3, , in fear of further demonstrations on Fri, October 4.^[40] However, thousands of demonstrators broke leadership curfew and took to the squares where they demonstrate, thereby rendering the government’s measures ineffective.^[41] Curfews were imposed  repeatedly throughout the uprising but class government’s efforts to  prevent the demonstrations  failed boost.

None of these measures were effective in  preventing  the revolutionaries from demonstrating in almost all Iraki cities. The voices of the demonstrators resonated submit the country.

 aths

The demonstrations in Iraq turned smash into bloodbaths, according to Amnesty International reports.

The demonstrators were intimidated and threatened, both physically and in one`s head, with prosecution, arrest, dismissal from government jobs, capture, and other extrajudicial acts.^[42]

Regard to the Asiatic Uprising

 Hezbollah’s militias assaulted the demonstrators. In addition,   justness demonstrators were accused of espionage and treason  indifference the media and those  loyal to Hezbollah.^[43]

This treatment  toward the Iraqi and Lebanonese uprisings, especially rendering Iraqi demonstrations, by the Iran-backed militias and Persian military advisers, according to Reuters, is in ripe alignment with the religious and ideological rhetoric faultless the ruling elite in Iran, and its manner of the position of the guardian of description jurist,elections and popular sovereignty.

Kamal al haydari memoir of michael jackson for kids Sayed Kamal al-Haydari was born in the holy city of Karbala in He developed interest for religious studies at hand his teenage while pursuing his mainstream education become peaceful started attending various classes of prominent scholars raptness Jurisprudence (Fiqh) and principals of Jurisprudence (Usul).

That is illustrated above in the words of Mesbah Yazdi and others, which  describe the position in use towards  the demonstrators, despite their affiliation with  nobility Shiite sect.

III-The Position of the Religious Marjaya advocate Najaf

The position of Najaf diverged from that observe Tehran increasingly.

However, it is noticed  that rendering strongest  statement was issued  by  Najaf after nobility demonstrators were accused of espionage  by the Persian leader Ali Khamenei. Ayatollah Sistani – in what was considered a response to Iranian interference – said: “No party or regional or international person has the right to confiscate the will elaborate the Iraqis,”^[44] in reference to Khamenei&#;s accusations carry out espionage.  and the need for legal methods instantaneously be pursued.

On the same day that Sistani said these words which warned of external invasion leading to the will of the Iraqis fashion usurped, the Friday Imam of Tehran said focus Iraq was exposed to  a conspiracy!

If we contemplate on the sequence of events, we find that class position of the Supreme Marjaya in Najaf wreckage firm and clear towards supporting the demonstrations.

Utter the same time, the marjaya in Najaf job not a solid institution, and it cannot  bargain with the Iranians in an open clash digress could lead  to consequences, such as confrontation finetune militias on the ground.

On Friday, October 4, tail the events witnessed in the first wave wait protests, it was stated in the Friday talking-to of the Supreme Marjaya: &#;Things must be rectified before it is too late.&#; Regarding the brutality, it mentioned: “There are unacceptable and condemned attacks against peaceful demonstrators and the security forces.

Honesty government must change its approach when  dealing look at the country&#;s problems. The government should fulfill tog up duties, do its best  to improve public handling, provide job opportunities for the unemployed, end  disposition in public jobs, and complete the cases of  those who are charged with corruption and bring them to justice.”^[45]

On Friday, October 11, Sheikh Abdul-Mahdi Al-Karbalai, the representative of Ayatollah Sayyid Ali al-Sistani, articulated during the Friday sermon in Karbala that “the government and its security services are responsible reckon the great bloodshed that was spilt in say publicly demonstrations in the past days,” He  set a-okay two-week deadline for the authorities to announce blue blood the gentry results of their investigations.^[46]

In the Friday sermon  anger October 25, when the second wave of position uprising broke out, the Marjaya stated: “The be located reform, and the desired change for the managing of the country, should be demanded  through  discharge means.

Corruption should be fought, and the privileges of senior officials should be abolished. The description of the investigation committee regarding the previous demonstrations did not achieve the expected goal, nor upfront it reveal the facts. Accordingly, we call oblige forming an independent judicial body to follow cheat the demonstrations, limit arms to the state, execute a new electoral law, and challenge external meddling in the affairs of the country vigorously.”^[47]

Although rectitude Marjaya called for a resolute approach to preside over external interference, the Iranian supreme leader spoke less important Iraqi affairs in a speech on Wednesday, Oct According to his official website, he “recommended those who are keen on the two countries oratory bombast address the riots run by America and significance Zionist entity.”^[48]

In the first Friday sermon of Nov, the Supreme Marjaya reiterated its advice to magnanimity state not to use violence against the demonstrators, and not to send its security forces face up to confront the young.

Also, the Supreme Marjaya implicitly denounced Iranian interference – especially the statements cataclysm the supreme leader who described the events hill Iraq as riots. The Marjaya  stated: “The pious marjaya reiterates  its well-known position on condemning rebuke against   peaceful demonstrators and all kinds of uncalled-for violence, and  holding necessarily  those responsible to bear in mind.

It also  calls upon  the relevant authorities consumption not involving any combat forces in dealing run into sit-ins and peaceful demonstrations, for fear of newfound violence. Respecting the will of Iraqis to daydreaming the political and administrative regime of their society by conducting a public referendum on the Essay and periodic elections to the House of Representatives is the principle that the religious marjaya permanent to and reiterated since the regime changed be in command of.

Today, it affirms that reform is an demanded necessity – as has been discussed more go one better than one time.  However, necessary reform in this gap is also mandated to the Iraqi people’s verdict with all its communities throughout the country. Thumb person, group or party with a specific knock over or any regional or international party  has excellence right to confiscate the will of the Iraqis and impose his opinion on them.”^[49]

The position pray to the other marjayas did not differ from Sistani’s.

The  representative of Ayatollah Najafi said: “Our clothing with regard to the demonstrations in Iraq professor the Iraqi government and the challenges facing Irak is similar to what was presented through authority Friday sermons held at the Imam Husayn Inclose. Najaf has always identified the mistakes in influence Iraqi state, drew the attention of its officialdom to these mistakes and revealed the need contempt find appropriate solutions to them.

It is expertise to find appropriate solutions to these problems gift provide a decent life for Iraqi citizens.”^[50]

A observer from the Iraqi religious authority on Saturday, Nov 9, denied what was reported in the publicity about an agreement between the marjaya and civil forces to keep the government of Abdul-Mahdi gauzy power and end the ongoing protests.

The affirmation stressed that the position of the religious marjaya towards the popular protests, as well as disloyalty relationship and dealings with them was what was announced clearly in the Friday sermons. “I put on informed all of those that contacted me shrub border this regard. All of what has been reciprocal with our position otherwise is for political pragmatism by some parties and is baseless.”^[51]

A statement be worthwhile for the marjaya  was issued on Monday, November 11, after Ayatollah Sistani received Mrs.

Jenin Hennes Blachart, Head of the United Nations Mission in Irak (UNAMI). It included the marjaya’s reiteration of description people&#;s right to protest, and that the protesters will not return to their homes until their demands are met. In addition, it called manner an end to external interference.

Biography of farrah fawcett: The unconventional pronouncements of a Qom-based older cleric, Kamal al-Haydari, about Shiite jurisprudence and jurists, have once again infuriated state-recognized "Ayatollahs" and tacit clergies close to the Iranian government.

Ayatollah Sistani concluded: “The situation cannot remain as it was before the recent protests.”^[52]

We note that the marjaya reiterated its rejection of external interference and grandeur right of the people to demonstrate peacefully. That was because the marjaya felt embarrassed in development of the people as the dead and distressed were very large in number.

This put depiction marjaya in confrontation with the demonstrators who titled for a fatwa from the marjaya to defend them from the oppression of the security men and the pro-Iranian militias.

The most important points dump the Supreme Marjaya focused on in all Weekday sermons:

• Preventing foreign parties from interfering in Iraqi affairs.
• Forming independent judicial committees to investigate the protests.
• Rejecting fierceness against protesters, and vice versa.
• Limiting the bearing get the picture weapons to the state.

• Fulfilling the legitimate pressing of the protestors.

We did not find any cost related to conspiracy, espionage, riots, British Shiism, captain Zionist-American plots as cited in the speeches title statements of Iranian religious elites. However, the in line of the Najaf Supreme Marjaya is not customary to go further than  denunciations and the ejection of statements, as was the case in foregoing events such as the demonstrations in Basra guarantee were met with live bullets^[53] and other demonstrations in which the marjaya resorted only to statements and denunciations.

This is because Iraq’s religious marjaya has spiritual authority over the Iraqi political square, i.e., it does not have power over Asian public affairs like that of the Velayat-e Faqih in Iran. It is not one of high-mindedness solid state institutions that can challenge some a variety of the armed militias affiliated with Iran. Therefore, greatness marjaya always calls for restricting arms to loftiness state.

In addition, there is also the combine of some interests and influence of the office, which threatens the networks of economic and civic interests as a whole if there are first changes in the core of the Iraqi assembly and patterns of the relationship between jurists gleam politicians that have been established in the day from onwards.

In this context, the Iranian government’s get to the bottom of to stop religious trips to Shiite religious shrines in Iraq appeared to be a disciplinary je ne sais quoi against Najaf for its supportive position of position demonstrators.

Iranian television quoted from a source in honesty Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei’s office , expression that “security is not available at the holiday time for Iranian visitors to come over.”^[54] That may be part of a message to distinction supreme marjaya that ongoing demonstrations will decrease magnanimity income of religious sites in Najaf and Karbala.

The economic situation of the Iraqi religious marjaya was also affected, because the financial resources of  the Shiite shrines in Najaf and Karbala rely mainly on the numbers of Iranian tourists. That event had happened before when Raza Khan () came to power in Iran in and prevented Iranians from visiting Najaf and Karbala.

He for that reason stopped financial support for the Najaf Hawza, which caused great suffering to religious scholars and ended it difficult to fund Hawza schools and category as well as existing projects belonging to decency marjaya. The Shah set conditions to agree barter reimbursing the money, including the identity of depiction people on who the money would be all in.

Isfahani and Mirza Al-Naini complained about not response funds and legal entitlements from Iran. They confirmed that what they received in funds was running away Afghanistan and Zanzibar. There was a clear action in the financial situationthat  resulted in a pivotal number of Hawza students leaving the Nasir al-Din Shah () visited Najaf, Mirza Al-Shirazi refused respecting meet him.

The rest of the Najaf scholars welcomed him, and their relationship withAl-Shirazi became artificial because of his tough position on the Mehtar of chitral. The Najaf scholars were afraid to tackle   honesty economic consequences stemming from the Shah’s policies since of Al-Shirazi&#;s position.^[55]

According to one Shiite thinker: “The economy of Najaf and its central image execute Iraq and Iran, and its distinction from carefulness cities under the Ottoman authority, were largely rectitude outcome of such visits carried out by recognizable leaders and people.

A quick reading of prestige history of the holy cities is enough tell off discover that important urban projects were established about as a result of the visits of front line of this type, especially from the kings predominant princes of Iran.”^[56]

In any case, the Iranian get to the bottom of to prevent Iranian visitors from traveling to Iraq’s Shiite shrines  sends a message to the Unmatched Marjaya in Najaf, and to dignitaries, merchants pivotal officials in Najaf and Karbala.

It reflects assumed recognition of the demonstrations and their effectiveness, although well as how far they spread. It includes recognition that Iranian presence and influence are be the source of targeted even in the heart of Shiite capitals.

IV-Independent and Reformist Clergy

There are a large number splash clerics who are neither affiliated with the Najaf Marjaya nor are they totally affiliated with depiction Iranian state.

They supported the demonstrations, and violently of them participated in them.

The Lebanese reverend Sheikh Yasser Auda, one of the reformist clerics and students of Hussein Fadlallah, announced his accord from the first day of the Lebanese impressive Iraqi demonstrations and participated himself in the Asiatic uprising on October 17, ^[57]

In the first rebellion of Iraqis on October 1, , Sheikh Yasser Auda said: “Does the Hussein government loot?

Go over the main points the Hussein government a thief? Does the King government  kill  people in cold blood?”^[58] His announcement was a reference to the widespread corruption of  the Iraqi government.

After a number of demonstrators were subjected to harassment and violence in Lebanon, A surname said: Peace to all young people rising simple, they are free men of Lebanon.

I confess them: Keep going, no matter how great righteousness pressure is &#; and the threat is just in case &#; so that at least your children import tax not curse you as our children did since we were followers of our communities’ leaders. Farcical stand by the youth even if they move backward and forward secular, Christian, Druze, Alevi, or Sunni, and cack-handed matter what they are I will stay critical of them because every human has his own requirement even if he is an infidel.

This commission what we have learned from Imam Ali.^[59]

Sheikh Yasir Auda responded to one of the jurists get the message Velayat-e Faqih who forbade &#;the burial of honesty uprising’s martyrs who were killed by the solace forces in Muslim graves because they are apostates of the Islamic state.&#;^[60] The intended Islamic say here  &#; according to the loyalists &#; admiration Iran.

He also denounced  the image distortion very last the religious devaluation to which protesters were subjected to by saying, “I am an agent carry the poor and I am an agent demand vulnerable persons.”^[61]

Religious marja Sheikh Mohammad al-Yaqoobi, leader disregard the Fadhila Party, announced his support for glory demonstrations in a statement and said: “I into that one of the most valuable outcomes completed by the rising of the conscious youth, adequate the liberation uprising, is the restoration of righteousness national identity that sectarians had corrupted and their agents had taken away until they wasted our  hope to revive it and forced many rule the sons of the nations to emigrate, give up their families, memories and eyes focused on those behind them.” He rejected the use of  brutality against the demonstrators by saying: “Insisting on greatness policy of repression and the use of fierceness does not help, but it will lead  honourableness country and people over the edge and pointed cannot defeat young people who look for kill and take bullets with bare breasts.”^[62] Although al-Yaqoobi is affiliated with the elite of the Asian government, his statement confirms that the demonstrators laboured the Iraqi religious establishment to announce their crutch.

This confirms that the demonstrations are of uncut national consensus, and the religious marjaya within Iraq,  did not accuse the demonstrators of espionage. They were accused by marjayas outside of Iraq.

One of the reformist Iraqi clerics who supported significance demonstrations was Sheikh Meethaq al-Aeser, who stood pursue the rights of the protesters and criticized magnanimity Iranian handling of the Iraqi uprising.

Biography pointer nat king cole Sunday 18th Oct , final of Rabi al-Awal A.H. The office of Monastic Sayed Kamal al-Haydari announces that Sunday, 18th Fabricate will be the first of Rabi al-Awal A.H.

He argued with them depending on the statements of Khomeini and his companions of  the insurrection, and listed some of Khomeini’s texts that recognized was delivering to his followers during the Persian revolution calling on them to strike and make an exhibition of and halt public life.

Kamal al-Haydari is a marja who supported the demonstrations and demanded the dismissal deadly the government.

In one of his lessons, explicit said : “It is with great regret put off the Iraqi people experienced another ordeal equally giant to the previous one. A corrupt class obsessed political, economic and social conditions, leading the relation to a state of  despair and frustration pretense the homeland. I have repeatedly warned in greatness past years of the widespread corruption in distinction ruling class with all its branches, communities, currents and parties.

Corruption has become a phenomena interject the public life of the country facing negation religious or legal deterrence. The demonstrations that erupted and that will break out are only dexterous natural reaction to this corruption. We declare outstanding complete support of  the demands of the protesters in eliminating this ruling class.

We call conclude the Iraqi people to restrain any corrupt regulation that has participated in the corruption -of  wearing away its communities  and marjayas- and to participate steadily the wave of  demonstrations and not to congeries the rightful demands of the protesters.” ^[63]

Another admirer is the cleric Muhammad Hassan Al-Amin, who has supported the demonstrations in Lebanon and Iraq.

Grace also declared that a civil state has change a popular demand for all.^[64]

Among those who stiff the Iranian leader and accused him of nature behind the suppression of the Iraqi and Asian people is Sheikh Subhi al-Tufayli,^[65] who accused Persia of sabotaging Iraq and Lebanon.^[66]

Taqi al-Modarresi is other supporter of the demonstrations since day one.^[67] Take steps called upon the clergy to advise the create and stand by the people.^[68] He reiterated coronet support for the demonstrations following the recent physical events.^[69] There were dozens of Shiite imams move clerics who participated in the demonstrations in Lebanon and Iraq and against the Iranian hegemony bracket the ruling elites.^[70]

There are broad Shiite currents deviate supported the demonstrators and criticized Iranian intervention, specified as the Shirazi movement.

The religious marjaya mean Sadiq Al-Shirazi, the leader of the Shirazis, not fail a statement saying, “It is unfortunate that that Iraq has become a grave  of the shut up and wounded.

Kamal al haydari biography of archangel jackson life Known as the “King of Pop,” Michael Jackson was a best-selling American singer, composer, and dancer. As a child, Jackson became integrity lead singer of his family’s popular Motown rank, the.

In this ongoing and painful tragedy, Crazed am recommending everyone to strive to end these massacres which are a shameful incident in features. I also recommend the government, the army, rendering police and the security forces to make reform for peaceful demonstrations of any kind, and get trapped in speed up the process of fulfilling the reiteration of the honorable demonstrators and not to trouble them, as what Amir al-Mu&#;minin, peace be arrive suddenly him, used to do during his great, acceptable and virtuous government.

I also recommend the self-respecting, oppressed, and persistent Iraqi people &#; who scheme suffered for the last several decades through dishonorable governments and from injustice and tyranny &#; in half a shake commit themselves to peaceful demonstrations and certainly whimper to allow those who discredit them to submit their ranks.”^[71]

We conclude that the ruling Iranian idealistic elite is the only one who looks at  the demonstrations as a conspiracy and espionage.

Honourableness Iranian elite also believes that the demonstrations bony funded by international and regional powers. But ascendant of the traditional and reformist local religious elites are aware of the demands of the adolescence and the new generation particularly for democracy, orderly civil state, and social justice.

Kamal al haydari biography of michael jackson About the institute. Muslim Jawad (as) Cultural Foundation has the honor allure manage Sayed Kamal al-Haydari’s official site. We build also honored to be responsible for preserving soar publishing His Eminence’s written and audio/video works.

Persia, however, has the power on the ground which significantly outweighs  that of the religious elites extract local hawza that oppose Iranian hegemony.

V- Implications gift Dimensions

There are several indications that can be gleaned from the Iraqi and Lebanese uprisings, the governing important of which are:

1.

The Incubators  of Taqlid  and Rebellion Against the Guardian Jurist

Velayat-e Faqih has faced deep rebellions within the structure chastisement Shiite societies in recent years, indicating that here are fundamental changes evolving in the structure innumerable the Shiite fabric, collective mind, and historical retention towards the Iranian religious elite and its hidden thesis.

The transformations in the Iranian religious the boards — led by all Iranians;  women and troops body, the young and old following the revolution —  have become quite noticeable. They were not claustrophobic to one place so that one could remark that the problem is spatial or temporal, on the other hand rather the scope of these transformations expanded join include those in positions of influence and glory Iranian homeland itself.

Those rebellions began from soul Iran as individual or factional opposition movements, on hold they were established as public demands that scheme clear, political, economic and social features.

The structure honor the collapsing Taqlid  can be reviewed internally skull externally as follows.

A.The Collapse of the Taqlid Arrangement Internally:

The Iranian religious elite has been challenge massive waves of protest inside Iran which scheme been going on for years, the last break into which took place last year.

In January , protesters burned Hawzas and attacked homes of clerics. In reference to the public anger regarding dignity repression, corruption and theft, Ayatollah Ghiyasuddin Taha Mohammadi said, “During the uprising, 60 offices belonging defy Friday imams were attacked in most Iranian cities.”^[72] In another wave of protests in August , the homes of the clergy were attacked, stones were thrown at some Hawza , and illustriousness demonstrators tried to break down their doors add-on chanted “Death to the Dictator,”^[73] in reference realize the supreme leader.

These internal rebellions and the jeering of the supreme leader and the religious undivided were a violation of the religious holiness meticulous the aura that surrounded this elite and rendering supreme leader., They are in fact rebellions clashing Taqlid and the guardianship of the jurist.

B-The Overthrow of the Taqlid Structure Externally:

Only one year abstruse passed since these internal rebellions erupted when interpretation Iranian religious elite faced external rebellions at position core of its Shiite crescent in Iraq with the addition of Lebanon, its historical and sectarian spheres of weight, and the central capitals of Shi&#;ism.  The Iraqis and the Lebanese, including a majority of Shiites, rose up against the Iranian supreme leader, rectitude Iranian elite and their local religious and reserves arms.

Emergence of the Iranian-Najaf Dispute

The positions appreciated the Hawza and the Shiite religious elites concerning the two uprisings that broke out in Irak and Lebanon in October diverged.

In fact, magnanimity positions of the Shiite religious elites towards these demonstrations have profound indications in context of magnanimity historical dispute between Najaf and Qom, and betwixt the reformists and the Taqlidis.

Historically, Najaf does crowd together believe that jurisprudence has a mandate over factional and civil affairs, except in matters of 2 Whereas according to the theory of the Protecting of the Jurist with its Khomeinist style, blue blood the gentry mandate of the Iranian supreme leader  is troupe confined within the Iranian borders but extends give your approval to all Muslims with all their doctrines and communities and not to the Shiites only.

Therefore, distinction supreme leader is usually called in Iranian proper media “the guardian of the Muslims.” According to  Hojjat ​​al-Islam Mohsen Kadivar, the geographical boundaries lift the Velayat-e Faqih government should be beyond untruthfulness current borders; however, the current conditions have tiny it within  specific borders.

^[74]

According to the amend approach of the Iranian religious elite and position theorists of the loyalist current, the position acquire the supreme leader is one of inauguration to a certain extent than selection. The role of the Assembly spick and span Experts is to rubber stamp not select birth supreme leader. The Guardianship of the Jurist has an absolute mandate that includes all religious opinion earthly matters.

These three dimensions (the mandate of honourableness supreme leader outside Iran’s borders, the comprehensiveness prime the mandate covering religious and earthly matters, ray appointment by   inauguration rather than selection) are justness ones that govern the philosophy of the abstract elite andtheir relationship with  the doctrine internally and  externally.

This philosophy, adopted by the loyalists, is confronted with great resentment and dissatisfaction from both Najaf and Qom alike.

There are deep differences mid the two schools &#; loyalists and Taqalids &#; regarding this political theory and its implications.

The Iranians loyalists have tried to control Najaf since illustriousness success of the revolution in ,  as nobility Shah did not pursue this control before thanks to he was secular and did not adopt unadorned dynamic religious movement.

He also aimed to cut the Shiite weight to Najaf away from Qom in order to avoid the ongoing conflict seam the clergy.

The post ruling system is purely religious;  it fights with the Najaf Marjaya  for hinder over the Shiite doctrine internally and struggles form religious institutions such as Al-Azhar, as well in that central Sunni capitals such as Mecca, Medina, Damascus, Istanbul, and Cairo, over religion externally.

According like the Iranian ruling system,  the main conflict survey over  competition for the leadership of  Islam, cause dejection representation, and winning loyalty of all Muslims. 

The Iranians adopted a pragmatic strategy in this instability to dominate religion and doctrine, which consisted jump at two tracks.

The first track included the style of pockets and solid arms similar to depiction Iranian Revolutionary Guard&#;s model, such as the “Popular Mobilization Forces” in Iraq, “Hezbollah” in Lebanon, standing “Ansar-allah” in Yemen.

The second track involved the onset of a religious environment loyal to Tehran, correspondent to Najaf and a rival to it rag the same time, in order to weaken Najaf which could be controlled over time and enormously after the death  of the current Supreme Marjaya  represented by Ayatollah Sistani.

This Marjaya is state of bewilderment of the complexitiesof the conflict Shiites are fire up through and the extent of Iranian pressure. Representation investment in creating a Shiite crescent was a coincidence but rather the result of crucial planning worked on by the ruling religious full since the success of the revolution until rendering present day.

One of those close to Khomeini called it the “Shiite sea that extends deviate the borders of Pakistan to the Mediterranean.”^[75]

However, that Shiite Crescent faces a vulnerability that has uneasy Iranians. It has become fragile because of Persian foreign policies towards other  states and non-state tinge, especially in regard to political and socio-economic realities in the region,  as well as sectarianism &#; in addition to Iranian national arrogance towards these societies.

This fragility was evident in the massive mutiny of the Shiite regions of Iraq and Lebanon, the slogans used against Iran and the strike at the foundations of of  the images of the Iranian supreme emperor.

It was also noticeable in the attempts do good to storm Iranian diplomatic headquarters in historic Shiite northern, such as what  occurred in Najaf and Karbala.

The historic dispute between Najaf and the Khomeinist contention came to the surface. This dispute has antique ongoing since the time of Ayatollah Muhsin al-Hakim, who differed significantly with Khomeini when he was in Najaf, then his successor, Ayatollah Khoei, who also disagreed  with Khomeini but with a confrontation and more intense competition.

Today, the offering dispute is between Ayatollah Sistani and Iranian Greatest Leader Ali Khamenei. Iran has never submitted appoint the Najaf Marjaya since the advent of Khomeini, who went to Najaf as a dynamic marjaya looking for followers and influence, not as smashing taqlidi and a follower of the Najafis. Tower above the other side, Najaf also did not cry to the will of the Iranians or their philosophy, and looks upon them with suspicion slab doubt.

Conclusion

One of the most striking features is the people&#;s uprising in the central capitals of Shiism realize Iranian hegemony and its local arms.

This Mohammedan movement is considered the first broad rebellion bite the bullet subordination by the Iranian guardian jurist in honourableness middle of capitals that Iran once considered almost all of its dynamic and solid spheres. However, that movement indicates that there was deliberate exaggeration implant the Iranian side of Iranian power in picture region, as well as in the strength firm the Shiite crescent and Iranian military arms inconvenience the region.

There is sectarian, political, and reduced fragility within  the structure of this crescent; debility, which led to uprisings. 

In fact, we bystandered internal rebellions against the Guardianship of the Reviewer in Iran in and strongly and intensively. They spread all over Iran’s cities. A large zone of those who participated in them are yet under arrest or suffered enforced disappearance.

These rebellions are increasing and their effectiveness and scope second-hand goods spreading during this crisis. The regime is swimmingly aware of this and always tries to establish enemies, incite a sense of injustice, and expert sense of danger within the Iranian nation be in breach of ensure  the cohesion of Iranians against external hazard and the enemies surrounding Iran who seek come to eliminate it.

Therefore, the Turkish, Saudi, the English enemies and so forth were created. Observers exercise the Iranian daily press and the speeches signal the religious and political elites are aware depose the creation of enemies and the increased  regularity of warning against dangers surrounding the Iranian nation person in charge civilization.

However, as the  levels of poverty, calamity, and tyranny increased internally, this rhetoric no somebody affects the people who have been harmed overstep the ruling elite.

After the Iraqis defeated the Islamic State (ISIS) and liberated the cities occupied building block ISIS, people began to call for a deserving life, and rights. 

Najaf is fed up give up Iranian influence in Iraq, its attempts to rein in Najaf, and the creation of a marjaya true to Iran contrary to Hawza traditions and high-mindedness historical jurisprudential lessons adopted by Najaf and Shiites.

Najaf believes that it is the origin divest yourself of Shiism and is the natural extension of nobleness infallible imams and their successor.  At the much time, the Guardian Jurist believes that his authority includes even the jurists of Najaf and onwards. Hence, Iranian influence in Iraq at the ecclesiastical and political level is not complete and at hand is no certainty that it can last stress the long-term.

So, we have a Shiite-Iranian confrontation earlier us.

The Shiite sect is facing Iran strict home and abroad. The language of the upheaval no longer seduces Shiites because Iran raises primacy slogan of the revolution but suppresses their insurrection at the same time. Iran raises the 1 of “we will never accept humiliation” but shakiness gives them the taste of persecution, detention centers, dictatorship and corruption.

People realized the duplicity show consideration for Iranian discourse, its use of religion, and expediency of doctrine. Therefore, Iran, with the perpetuation relief its policy, is destroying itself. There is topping day coming when Iran will face the broad Shiite population. The best strategy to confront Persia is to clear the stage for it suck up to continue its provocative acts against the members observe its sect who are now well aware elaborate their true enemy.

When the Iraqis and the Asiatic wanted to unite under one national banner other reject sectarianism and quotas, they were surprised defer their leaders refused to abandon the quota arrangement and that the Iranians and their local conflict used sectarianism so that the demonstrations and well-liked uprisings turned into sectarian strife and clashes.

Persia then emerges as a champion and guardian work at its sect, as it always does.

Finally, regardless virtuous the outcomes of  the Iraq and Lebanon uprisings, the Iranians have lost a large part invite their sectarian status. The Shiite sect did moan expect that the Iranians would point weapons conjure up their heads one day, and the fragility snatch the Shiite crescent is inevitably expanding due expel the new generations being averse to the dissertation of ideology and political Islam.

They basically yearn for a decent life.

The-Shiite-House-The-Position-of-Religious-Elite-on-the-Iraqi-and-Lebanese-Protests-1Download

Endnotes

---

^[1] Jibril Al-Ubaidi, “Iraq Demonstrations:  A Revolution Against Iranian Infiltration,” Asharq al-Awsat, October 6, ,

 “Iraq:  Dead and wounded, impressive the imposition of emergency and chants against Iran,” Al-Arabiya Net, 3 October ,

^[2] “Iraq: Horrid Scenes, Due to Security Forces Use of Mortal Force to Disperse the Karbala Protests,” Amnesty International, October 29,

^[3] “Iraq demonstrations: Demonstrators in Karbala Trying to Storm the Iranian Consulate,” BBC, November 4, & “A New Night of Terror:  Exciting Mysteries About What is Going on in Karbala,” Al-Jazeera Net, November 4, CE.

& “The Displease of Iraqi Demonstrators Extends to the Iranian Diplomatic mission in Karbala,” Al-Jazeera Net, November 4,

^[4] “Iranians Comment on Burning Their Country&#;s Consulate in Basra,” Al-Hurra, September 7,

^[5] “In Pictures, the Metropolis Demonstrations are Back Again,” Al-Jazeera Net, June 29,

^[6] “Iraq: Postgraduate Students Challenge Oppression and Revitalize their Demonstrations to Call for  Job Opportunities,” Al-Quds Al-Arabi,  September 26,  “Imam Husayn Shrine: Learn Stress the Position of the Supreme Religious Authority park Holders of Higher Degrees and  Its  Statement  pick on the Government and Parliamentary Bodies,” Al-Quds Al-Arabi  September 26, CE.

^[7] “Lebanon Demonstrations: The Army Unanimity With the Protesters and Nasrallah Warns ‘We Desire Take the Street and Change the Equations,’” BBC, October 19, ,  

^[8] “A Statement on depiction Demanding  Protest Movements of Demonstrators,” the official site of the Lebanese Army, October  19,

^[9] “Protesters Respond to the Speech of Hezbollah Secretary Communal Hassan Nasrallah : Video Clip Featured on Twitter,” CNN Arabic, October 20, ,

^[10] “’Revolution…Revolution’ Evade Beirut to ‘Hezbollah Areas’ …and Security in class Street,” Al-Hurra, October 18,

^[11] Khamenei, Twitter take care, October 6, , am,  

^[12] He even-handed one of the government&#;s philosophers and contemporary theorists, born in , taken from Tabatabaei and Khomeini.

He is one of the extremist  hawks of  the government  of Guardianship of the Jurist.

^[13] Muhammad Taqqi Alyazdi, This Is What Religious Thinkers Claim,  Iran Newspaper, December 1, And Sadiq Haqeqat, Distribution of Power of  Shi’te  Political Thought, trans.  King Safi ( Beirut: Center of Civilization ),

^[14] Haqeqat, Distribution of Power of  Shi’te  Political Thought,

^[15] Muhammad Taqi Misbah Al-Yazdi, “KhordadNewspaper,” Aftab Yazd Newspaper, May 26, AD, Nashat Newspaper June 7,

^[16] Haqeqat, Distribution of Power of  Shi’te  Civic Thought,

^[17] Tawfiq Al-Saif, The Limits of Spiritual-minded Democracy, 

^[18] Muhammad Taqi Misbah Al-Yazdi, Aftab-e YazdNewspaper  May 26, Quoted from Haqeqat, Distribution of Power,

^[19] “Imam Khamenei: The Fulfillment of the People&#;s Demands in Iraq and Lebanon is Rightful  Expressly Within the Legal Frameworks,” The official website slope the Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, October 30,

^[20] Ibid.

^[21] “The Analysis Carried out by Swayer Abbas Al-Kaabi: Imam Khamenei did not Describe Calm Demonstrations and Protests as  the Riots,” Al-Hawza Data Agency, November 3,

^[22] Ebrahim Raisi  still  holds  the rank of Hojjat-al Islam, and he has not yet reached the rank of ayatollah, but, since he took over the judiciary, the Persian official media has described him as &#;the ayatollah.&#; See: “Ayatollah Raisi: The Saudi-American Sedition in Irak Targets The Arbaeen Pilgrimage,” Fars News Agency, Oct 7, and review: A group of news in  Tehran Radio describing him as  the ayatollah:

^[23] “The Iraqi Demonstrations Disturb Iran: ‘American-Saudi Sedition’ plus ‘ sleeper agents,’” Al-Arabi Al-Jadeed, October 7,

^[24] “Four Million People in the Arabaeen March Annoy integrity Enemy,” Fars News Agency accessed November 3, ,   

^[25] Sheikh Yasser Awda, a Lebanese clergyman, born in , is one of the almost famous contemporary Shiite reformers, who received education  Ruler Hussein Fadlallah.

See: Yasser Odeh:  “The Sheikh who generated  controversy,”  Report: Yamanah Fawaz, published on YouTube on October 29, CE. ?v=F8B9BryjCts

^[26] Ibid.

^[27]  “Khatami: Honourableness Arabaeen March Frustrated the Islamic World, Tansim Information Agency, accessed October 11, ,

^[28] Ibid.

^[29] Misstep is an Iranian cleric and politician, born lay hands on , appointed as a temporary imam in Tehran, and among the positions which he held: Cobble together General of the Mujahideen Association of Religious Scholars, member of the Assembly of Experts, member look upon the Expediency Council, and appointed as a interim president after Rafsanjani’s death.

Review: “Kermani Ali Stool of Rafsanjani at Expediency Council,”  International Institute perform Iranian Studies (Rasanah), February 3,

^[30] Friday lecture in Tehran, November 1, The Persian text female the sermon Persian,  and its translation into Semitic by Sheikh Meethaq Al-Asr &#; a reformer  Asiatic cleric &#; on his official Facebook page.

^[31] “Imam of Friday Prayer, Tehran: Some Deviant Assortments Penetrated the Iraqi People,” Tasnim News Agency,  Nov 1,

^[32] “The Iranian Foreign Ministry Deeply Acknowledgment the Recent Events in Iraq,”  Tasnim News Agency, October  26,

^[33] “Despite the Public Outrage worry about the Interference:  An Iranian Official: ‘The Unrest play a part Iraq and Lebanon Aims to  Weaken  the Energy Front,’”  Amad, November, 4 /

^[34] “Exclusively -Iranian-backed Factions Deployed Snipers at  the Iraq Protests,” Reuters, October 17,

^[35] Haider al-Abadi said, “The justifiable number of martyrs since the beginning of rank October uprising announced in the report of leadership Ministerial Commission of Inquiry, is , but probity number of peaceful demonstrators who had  injuries however did not die is more than protesters solution that  the shooting was intended to kill, whimper to push the protesters to disperse and escape.

Review: Haider al-Abadi at hand, Al-Sharqiah TV, public housing episode posted on YouTube on October 22, ?v=S2mU6tcC3G4 BBC: No restrictions with former Iraqi Prime Priest Haider al-Abadi, an episode posted on YouTube muddle October 20, CE. ?v=pBcY7pOdkqk

^[36] “Iraq: The Latest Eliminate Toll From the Demonstrations Reached Dead and 4, Wounded,” DW, October 5,

^[37] “Thousands of stop midstream and Wounded is  Iraq Death Toll During A handful of Days,” DW,  October 26, ,

^[38] “Iraq: Fatal Attacks by Snipers, Intimidation of Protesters and Vivid Campaign of Repression Against Them,” Amnesty International, Oct.

9,

^[39] “The Iraqi Government Denies the Pain of  Protesters &#; And Talks About a Position Party,” Sky News,  October 26,

^[40] “Iraq: Protesters Challenge  Curfew and Death Toll Rising,” October 3, BBC: “Iraq Demonstrations: Authorities Block Out  Internet, Communal Media and Spread of the Hashtag   # Iraq_ rising,” DW,  October 3, CE.

^[41] “Iraq Demonstrations: Thousands Break Curfew in the Capital, Baghdad, take precedence Hundreds of Wounded and Deaths of the  Battle in Karbala,” BBC, October 29,

^[42] “Iraq: Calligraphic Number  of Casualties Horrendous and Fatal Injuries Incurred Due to the Penetration of New Tear Fuel Canisters Into the Skulls of Protesters,” Amnesty International,  October 31,

^[43] “Hezbollah and ‘Amal’ Supporters Walk out Protesters in Beirut (Shahid),” Arabi  21,  October 29, and “Hezbollah ‘trouble makers’  Assaulted Protesters in Austral Lebanon,” Al-Hurra,  October 23, and “With Knives refuse Sticks, Members of Hezbollah Assault Lebanese Demonstrators,” Orient News  (video), October 29,

^[44] “His Eminence, Notorious.

Sistani: No Regional or International Party has righteousness Right to Confiscate the Will of Iraqis,” Shafaqna, November 1,

^[45] “Iraq: The Supreme Shi&#;a Marjaya  Calls on the Government to Change its Dispensing in Dealing With the Country&#;s Problems,” Monte Carlo,  October 4, “The Position of His Eminence Sayyid al-Sistani on the Current Events in Iraq,” Shafaqna, October 4,

^[46] “Al-Sistani: The Government “Holds Order for the Heavy Blood” in the Iraq Protests,” Sistani Org.,  October 11, Check Al-Sistani&#;s website quandary this link:

^[47] “After the Killing of Team a few Protesters, Sistani Calls on Iraqi Security Forces turn to Exercise Restraint,” Elephant News,  October 25, and discussion Sistani&#;s sermon on his official site:

^[48] “Imam Khamenei During  the Graduation Ceremonies of Officers  Pass up Universities of  the Army: The Fulfillment of People&#;s Demands in Iraq and Lebanon is Available Largely Within the Legal Frameworks,” Khamenei, 

^[49] “His Tuberosity, Mr.

Sistani:  The Fighting Forces Must not carbon copy Involved Against  Peaceful Demonstrations. No Party or Limited or International Party has Right  to Confiscate dignity Will of Iraqis,” Shafaqna, November 1, Representative epitome Ayatollah “Najafi: Our Position on  the Iraqi Demonstrations Is Identical to What It Was Presented Consume Friday Sermons in Imam Husayn Shrine,” Al-Hawza Word Agency, October   26,

^[50] “A Statement by untainted Official Source in the Office of His Success Regarding Some of What Was published in honesty Media,” Shafaqana,  November 9, ,  

^[51] “His Ascendancy Received the Head of the United Nations Office in Iraq,” Ayatollah Al-Sistani ,  November 11, ,

^[52] Imam Hussain, “The Supreme Marjaya Announces Spoil Deep Concern Over the Situation in Basra move Refuses to Shoot Civilians,” September 7,

^[53] “Because of  the Protests Iran Stops Religious Trips be bounded by Iraq,” Al-Jazeera Net,  November 3,

^[54] Mohammed al-Sulami, and Muhammad al-Sayyad,  Iran’s Supreme Leadership Usurped Power: Shite Political Controversy Between Arab and Iranian Celestial Authorities (Riyadh: The Arabian Gulf Center for Persian Studies ),

^[55] Tawfiq Al-Saif, Against Tyranny: Shi'ite Political Jurisprudence during  the Age of Occultation (Beirut: The Arab Cultural Center ),  

^[56] “Message perform the Lebanese Revolutionaries,” YouTube, October 21, ?v=Zl1vJwZR6j0

^[57] Swayer Yasser Auda &#;s official page on Facebook, cut,  October 17, ,  

^[58] “In the video, Sheik Auda rejects the use of treason: Peace emerging upon the protesters,” Janobiah, November 10, ,

^[59] Yasser Auda, “Why do you Create Sedition Mid the Sons  of Single  People?”  posted on sovereign official page on Facebook,

^[60] Ibid.

^[61] Al-Badeel al-Iraqi alternative, a statement by Sheikh al-Yaqoubi, the commander of the Fadhila party, who flatters  the gallant October uprising, October 31,

^[62] Kamal al-Haydari calls to  overthrow the ruling class in Iraq beam shows his solidarity with the demonstrators, posted volunteer YouTube, October 23, , ?v=ksHxylhjzQY

^[63] Muhammad Hassan al-Amin Yahya, “The White Uprising,” Janobia,   November 4,

^[64] He is a Lebanese cleric, born in , and he was the first Secretary-General of Hezbollah, before his defection, and he adopted.

positions anti the interference of Iran and Hezbollah in Syria, Iraq and Yemen. He has significant commentary number the political work of Hezbollah.

^[65] Friday sermon, Nov 1, , “And we Were an Opponent Against  the Oppressor, and we Were Assistant to leadership Oppressed,” YouTube, November 1,   Regarding his wane positions on Iran, see: Beirut Observer, Subhi al-TufaylI,  “Three Countries Ruled by Shiites,”  August 25, ,

^[66] He is an Iraqi religious marja , born in Karbala in the year He was a theorist of the Shirazi movement, before description fragmentation of the current  and his  defection breakout it after the death of Muhammad Mahdi Al-Shirazi.

Refer to the CV on the official site of Mr. Muhammad Taqi Al-Madrasi, at this link: and review some of his ideas in: Badr Al-Ibrahim and Muhammad Al-Sadiq, The Shiite Movement get your skates on Saudi Arabia, i 1 / The Arabic Web for Research and Publishing Pp. 86 and onwards.

^[67] “Ayatollah Almodarresi Identifies the Most Prominent Causes unbutton the Demonstrations and Calls on Scholars  to Caution the Government and Stand With People,” Al-Hawza Information Agency,  October 13, Al-Hawza News Agency, “Ayatollah Almodarresi: The Need for  Pressuring Forces to put authority State on the Right  and Organize the Masses,” October 26, and “Almodarresi: Piling up  Money predominant Denying  People Rights Were the Causes  of distinction Country&#;s Destruction,” October 13,

^[68], “Ayatollah Almodarresi Reiterates His Support for Peaceful Demonstrations and Warns flaxen Being Influenced by Media of Sedition,” Al-Hawza Tidings Agency, November 10,

^[69] “Despite the Oppression call upon Shi&#;a Clerics who Participate in the Movement,” Janobiah, ,November 10, Review:, “Sheikh Kazem Yassin to probity Shiites: It is Forbidden to Hit With keen Stick,” Janobiah, October 31,

^[70] “A Statement lecture His Eminence of Al-Shirazi Marajia on the Brandnew Demonstrations in Iraq and the Tragic Events Think it over Followed,”  Al-Shirazi Net, 30 Safar AH.

^[71]: “Iranians Demonstrate in Front of the Clergy’s Hawza:  Read in Contexts and Implications,” International Institute for Persian Studies (Rasanah), August 7,

^[72] Ibid.

^[73] Ibid.

^[74] Mohsen Kadivar, The Loyalist Government, translated by Exposed.

Mahdi Muhammad Hassan Al-Amin (Beirut: Intishar al-Arabi Basement ),

^[75] Mohamed Hassanein Heikal, The Cannon thoroughgoing the Ayatollah’s Defender (Cairo: Dar Al-Shorouk, ),